Biblical concepts in the Russian language: the interaction of sacred, language and cultural meanings

The study examines the fundamental biblical eschatological words-concepts in the Russian language which define Russian spiritual culture. The aim of the study is to analyze the semantics of the biblical eschatological concepts of “court”, “God’s judgment”, “fate” and “conscience” in their diachronic sense and in textual use (based on “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” and V. Grossman’s novel “Life and fate”). The research methods are general scientific, linguistic, and interdisciplinary ones. While analyzing, we proceeded, on the one hand, from understanding the relationship between language and religion as an integral process, and on the other hand, their interpenetration into each other. The study showed that the Russian linguistic consciousness actualized the original connection of fate and conscience with the judgment of the Almighty since ancient times. The analysis of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” and V. Grossman’s novel “Life and fate” showed that the concepts of “court”, “God’s judgment”, “fate” and “conscience” retain their original existential orientation despite socio-cultural upheavals and changes in the social life of the Russian people. It is the biblical concepts that reliably rule the life of the Russian language, Russian culture, and the Christian values inherited by them. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was made about the fruitfulness of adopting the theoanthropocosmic paradigm, which promotes a holistic understanding and study of language as a multidimensional spiritual reality.