CYTOKINE PROFILE AND IMPORTANCE OF ITS ASSESSMENT IN FORECASTING THE COURSE OF DUST DISEASES OF THE LUNGS

Aim - study of cellular immunity and cytokine profile in dust lung diseases caused by exposure to aerosols of various degrees of fibrogenity; assessment of the role of immunological changes in the pathogenesis of occupational lung diseases of dust aetiology. Materials and methods. 161 patients from the contact group with chronic dust bronchitis, silicosis and pneumoconiosis due to exposure to welding aerosols were examined. The control group included 60 people who did not have contact with occupational hazards at work and who were declared healthy according to complete physical examination. The diagnosis was made on the basis of professional anamnesis, sanitary-hygienic characteristics of working conditions (work in contact with aerosols of various degrees of fibrogenity), and a complete clinical and instrumental examination of patients. The levels of cytokines IL-1a, IL-ф, IL-4, IL-8, TNF-a, IFN-y and fibronectin in the blood serum were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. The specific features of the course of dust diseases of the lungs were revealed (identified features of the cytokine profile, hypercytokinaemia of a significant number of cytokines), which allows us to characterize the occurrence and the progression of dust diseases of the lungs. Conclusion. Determination of the cytokine profile allows us not only to improve the quality of early detection, but also to optimize the strategy of primary and secondary prophylaxis of this disease, to predict the course of the disease, and to reduce the number of disabling forms.

chronic dust bronchitis, silicosis, pneumoconiosis due to exposure to welding aerosols, immunological features