Nuclear energy - political and economic factors of development

At the moment, the development of nuclear energy is one of the most technologically complex sectors of the energy sector, which includes a number of other sub-sectors, including those with a high share of R&D. It is a clear demonstration of the technological superiority of the countries developing it, increases their competitiveness by generating cheaper electricity, stimulates economic development and thereby creates jobs. However, the development of peaceful nuclear energy is influenced by a number of political and economic factors that have both restraining and stimulating effects on the industry. In the context of the green energy transition, the author sees it as relevant not only to assess the dynamics of nuclear energy on a global scale, but also to highlight the most significant political and economic barriers to its development. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the analysis of political decisions on the development of nuclear energy in the EU, USA, Russia, China and certain other countries. The novelty lies in comparing and paying special attention to the modern development of nuclear energy in Russia and highlighting its differences from other regions. The key results of the study are: analysis of the global energy balance, highlighting the role and share of nuclear energy, which demonstrates stable dynamics; the factors hindering the development of the industry in terms of political and economic at the global level are highlighted. Thus, the main results of the article consist of the dichotomy of incentives and restrictions for the development of the nuclear industry at the present stage in the world - the current state of absence of rapid growth of nuclear energy is caused by the balance of these opposite trends.

nuclear energy, political factor, economic influence, energy balance, Russia, China, EU, USA, energy diplomacy, sustainable development