On the issue of international legal principles of cooperation between states in the agricultural sector under restrictive measures.

The subject of the research is international legal and non-legal acts that establish both the general principles of international law and the specific legal principles of cooperation among states in the field of agriculture and ensuring food security in the context of unilateral restrictive measures. The object of the research is international intergovernmental relations that form in the process of cooperation in the area of agriculture, food security, and humanitarian cooperation under unilateral restrictive measures imposed by states. The aim of this research is to analyze the legal nature of unilateral restrictive measures imposed by states affecting agriculture and food security through the prism of fundamental principles of international public law, as well as to identify and analyze specific principles of cooperation among states in the field of agriculture under unilateral restrictive measures. Several methods of scientific inquiry were used in the research, including dialectical, methods of deduction, induction, analysis, synthesis, statistical, systemic, historical, formal-legal, and comparative-legal methods. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the identification and justification of the existence and functioning of a number of specific international legal principles of cooperation among states in the field of agriculture and food security under unilateral restrictive measures. As a result of the research, it was found that while positive international law does not contain a prohibition on the imposition of unilateral restrictive measures (URMs), the measures affecting the agricultural sector of states that are the recipients of such measures contradict the fundamental principles of international law and cannot be equated with countermeasures and sanctions of the UN Security Council. The practice of intergovernmental cooperation under URMs has allowed the development of several specific international legal principles of such cooperation, among which are: the principle of commitment to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the principle of non-proliferation of restrictive measures on agricultural products, the principle of humanitarian exemptions from the regime of restrictive measures, and the principle of proportionality (adequacy) of restrictive measures in the field of agriculture. It is concluded that there is a need for the systematization and consolidation of these specific principles within the framework of universal international organizations, for example, through a resolution of the UN General Assembly. Moreover, there is a need to strengthen monitoring of the implementation of URMs and their impact on cooperation in agriculture by international organizations.

countermeasures, unilateral restrictive measures, principles of international law, principle of humanitarian exemptions, principle of supply exceptions, principle of commitment to SDGs, principle of proportionality, food security, sanctions, agrarian cooperation