The Features of textile design in the post-war period and the preconditions for the emergence of the Leningrad school of artistic textiles

The object of the study is decorative fabrics produced by art industry and in the academic workshops in the 1950s–1960s. The subject of the research is the relationship between socio-economic processes and the design of Soviet fabrics. The study of interior textiles of the 1950s and 1960s is relevant because during this period the foundations for the formation of regional schools of decorative art and design were laid. Particular attention is paid to the organization of the educational process at the Department of Furniture and Decorative Fabrics at V.Mukhina Leningrad Higher School of Art and Industry. The author examines decorative fabrics from museum and private collections intended for the interiors of public buildings. The documents from the Central State Archive of Literature and Art of St. Petersburg were involved in the study. A historical-cultural method was used to study textiles within the context of a time-limited cultural environment. It made it possible to establish the relationship between fabric patterns and the pace of scientific and technological development, as well as political and social processes. In conclusion, it was noted that in the 1950s, the leading direction in textile development was fabrics for public buildings, while in the 1960s, curtains for small apartments appeared. It outlined the role of the state in the process of regulating the art industry. The work explains that in the post-war period, decorative fabrics woven on a loom remained the main experimental platform for the development of textiles. The research materials and conclusions can be used in museum, exhibition, and restoration practices, in educational programs on the history of design and decorative arts, and in the practical work of students in the course "Design of Textile Products".

Soviet textiles, decorative fabrics, jacquard fabrics, reconstruction of textiles, Leningrad Textile School, art industry manufactures, Leningrad, textile industry, experimental fabrics, Design Education