Visualization of pre-revolutionary projects of the Moscow metro

The subject of the research is the reflection of the futurological image of the Moscow metro in the works of fine art of the pre—revolutionary period, as well as the phenomenon of the artistic evolution of ideas about the Moscow metro in the works of artists and engineers. The paper will also briefly consider the main projects of the Moscow metro, both visualized and not. Among the sources it is worth mentioning drawings from the book by A. I. Antonovich, N. I. Golinevich and N. P. Dmitriev "Moscow City Railway. (Metro)" (1902), illustrations by N. N. Karazin to the project of the metro by P. I. Balinsky and E. K. Knorre (1902) and a series of postcards by the Einem company "Moscow of the Future" (1914). The iconographic method and the method of stylistic and artistic analysis are used in the work. The main attention will be paid to the peculiarities of the authors' ideas about the future of the metro and the city as a whole.   The scientific novelty of this publication lies in the fact that the pre-revolutionary futurological images of the Moscow metro will be analyzed comprehensively, the connection of later works with earlier ones will be shown. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the introduction into scientific circulation of N. N. Karazin's work "View of the Subway from the side of the Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge", which is known only by photocopy. This photocopy is published in this article. The main conclusion of the study is that all the images appeared by chance, but each series of works for its own reason. All the authors also depicted the Central Station in their works, which was never built.

Metro, Metropolitan, Einem, Antonovich, Karazin, Moscow metropolitan, Moscow metro, Transport, Balinsky, Knorre