China and Germany in the system of contemporary international relations: political and economic relations

The article discusses the political and economic relations between the People's Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Germany as one of the key components of the modern global architecture of international relations. The subject of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the interaction between the two largest world economies, which have significant influence on political and economic processes in Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. Given the strategic importance of China and Germany, the author focuses on both the historical development of bilateral relations and their current state in the context of global turbulence. The emphasis is on the role of these states in areas such as climate agenda, digital transformation, reform of international institutions, trade security, technological exchange, and sustainable development. Attention is drawn to the institutional mechanisms of interaction, multilateral dialogue, and bilateral agreements that define the nature of the partnership. An important element of the subject area is the identification of contradictions related to the differences in political systems, approaches to human rights, as well as competition in high-tech industries. The research methodology is based on a combination of systemic, historical-political, and comparative analysis using statistical data, official sources, expert assessments, and international strategic documents. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the deep and comprehensive assessment of the current state of Sino-German relations, taking into account their multi-level nature and rapidly changing international context. The article offers a comprehensive view of the challenges and opportunities arising in the process of political and economic dialogue between the two states, including in the context of increasing geopolitical competition, the transition to a multipolar world, the climate crisis, and rising tensions in global trade. The author argues that the relations between the PRC and the FRG represent an example of a strategic partnership that is in the process of adapting to new challenges and reassessing mutual expectations. The conclusion is made about the necessity to balance between economic benefit and political values, between cooperation and competition. It is predicted that flexibility and pragmatism in the approach to bilateral relations will become the defining factors of their long-term stability.

German-Chinese relations, foreign policy, economic cooperation, international relations, investments, trade, strategic partnership, geopolitics, sustainable development, technological interaction