The role of the entrepreneurial organization of the mining industry in the South of Russia in the creation of a network of mining rescue stations in the Donetsk basin in 1902-1918.

The subject of the study is the process of forming a network of mountain rescue stations in the Donetsk basin in the pre-revolutionary period. The purpose of the publication is to determine the role of the representative organization of the bourgeoisie, the Congress of Mining Industrialists of Southern Russia, in creating mining rescue institutions capable of functioning and interacting with each other in the context of the growth of industrial coal production. The chronological boundaries of the study cover the period from the moment when the owners of industrial enterprises recognized the need to organize rescue stations at coal mines (1902) to the time when the regional branch business organization of miners ceased to exist (1918). The paper reflects the sequence of decisions taken collectively by the mining industry at the annual congresses on the establishment and financing of mining rescue stations, as well as the organization of rescue teams to service the mines of Donbass. Based on published reports, verbatim reports, sets of resolutions of the XXVIII – XXXVIII congresses of miners, as well as instructions and rules governing the activities of rescue stations, an analysis of organizational and economic factors influencing the choice of the form of organization and functioning of mining rescue institutions was carried out. The paper uses a problem-chronological method, which made it possible to trace and characterize the formation of the first regional network of mining rescue stations in Russia. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time an attempt has been made to show the dominant role of private capital and the degree of influence of government agencies in the development of rescue business in the mining industry of the Russian Empire. The results of the study allow us to identify and characterize three stages of the formation of a network of mountain rescue stations in pre-revolutionary Russia: 1) 1902-1906 – attempts to create the first private rescue stations and artels in the mines of Donbass; 2) 1907-1914 – formation of a network of mining rescue stations under the auspices of the Council of the Congress of Mining Industrialists of Southern Russia; 3) 1915-1918 – regression and degradation of mining rescue institutions. It is concluded that the creation of a network of mining rescue institutions covering the territory of Donbass became possible with the consolidation of private capital and a balanced economic policy of the state.

representative organization of the bourgeoisie, mine rescue operations, mining industrialists' congress, miners, mine rescuers, rescue team, coal industry, mine-rescue service, mine fire, mine