One-day firms as a tool of illegal banking activity

Using of "one-day firms" in criminal activities, and especially in the economic sphere, has become a regular occurrence. Fictitious organizations have become not only a legal but also a social problem. The subject of the research is a comprehensive analysis of the current state of crime, in particular regarding the commission of illegal banking activities related to the illegal cashing and transit of funds through the involvement of "one-day firms", as well as an analysis of government regulators used to combat this category of crimes. The object of the research is the "one-day firms" as a social phenomenon, as well as government and other regulators that help identify them and curb their activities. The purpose of the research is to characterize "one–day firms" and highlight their main features, identify the most relevant and significant problems for law enforcement practice in this area and ways to solve them. To achieve this goal, the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, content analysis of documents, comparative legal, formal logical and systematic were used. The novelty of the research is due to the interdisciplinary approach to the consideration of the institute of "one-day firms", which includes criminal law, criminological and economic criteria. The paper systematizes the main features of nominal organizations based on the analysis of legal doctrines, judicial practice and statistics of government agencies, and as a result, the general concept of "one-day firms" is formed. The results of the study were the definition of the role of "one-day firms" in the schemes of illegal banking activities, as well as a detailed analysis of modern automated services and systems that are used to identify and suppress the activities of fictitious organizations. The paper presents and analyzes the extent of the damage caused by the activities of nominee firms, including the direct relationship between the turnover of funds in the country and the share of GDP, and also examines the role of interdepartmental cooperation in the investigation of this category of crimes and assesses the effectiveness of government regulators.

one-day firm, illegal banking activities, tax authorities, illegal cashing out, illegal transit, legal entity, nominal organizations, fictitious firms, bank, police