Toponyms, demonyms and toponymic nicknames in Brazil: morphological and cultural aspects

The present article analyses the complex system of toponyms, demonyms and toponymic nicknames in Brazilian Portuguese. The author presents the etymological description of toponyms and classifies demonyms according to their usage and morphological structure. Moreover, special attention is paid to the formation of demonyms via suffixation. The results have shown that the suffix - ense can be considered the most productive one in Brazil. The article also analyzes toponymic nicknames in Brazilian humour discourse from the linguistic and cultural points of view.

toponyms, demonyms, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, toponymic nicknames, suffix productivity