Twelve-Year Dynamics of Leading Pathogens Spectrum Causing Orthopedic Infection: A Retrospective Study

Alina R. Kasimova; Касимова Алина Рашидовна; Olga S. Tufanova; Туфанова Ольга Сергеевна; Ekaterina M. Gordina; Гордина Екатерина Михайловна; Anton N. Gvozdetsky; Гвоздецкий Антон Николаевич; Kseniia S. Radaeva; Радаева Ксения Сергеевна; Anna N. Rukina; Рукина Анна Николаевна; Svetlana A. Bozhkova; Божкова Светлана Анатольевна; Rashid M. Tikhilov; Тихилов Рашид Муртузалиевич

doi:10.17816/2311-2905-16720

Twelve-Year Dynamics of Leading Pathogens Spectrum Causing Orthopedic Infection: A Retrospective Study

Authors: Kasimova A.R.¹^,2, Tufanova O.S.¹, Gordina E.M.¹, Gvozdetsky A.N.³, Radaeva K.S.², Rukina A.N.¹, Bozhkova S.A.¹, Tikhilov R.M.¹
Affiliations:
1. Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics
2. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University
3. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Issue: Vol 30, No 1 (2024)
Pages: 66-75
Section: Clinical studies
URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/2311-2905/article/view/255313
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/2311-2905-16720
ID: 255313

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Abstract

Background. The number of surgeries on the musculoskeletal system is increasing every year. Along with the increasing access to orthopedic care, the number of patients with orthopedic infection, the etiological agents of which can be from various taxonomic groups, is also increasing. Staphylococcus aureus and different types of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), including S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis, together are the causative agents in 70% of cases.

Aim of the study — to analyze the dynamics of the microbial spectrum isolated from patients of the septic surgery department for the period from 2011 to 2022.

Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of the microbial spectrum isolated from patients who were treated in the septic surgery department from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2022. The leading pathogens were microorganisms whose share in the spectrum exceeded 3.5%. Of the isolated pathogens, 48.8% were the only etiological agents, and microbial associations were detected in 51.2% of the isolated pathogens.

Results. A total of 10,327 bacteria strains were identified over the 12-year period. The leading microorganisms causing orthopedic infection were Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus spp., Klebsiella spp. and Acinetobacter spp. In the dynamics of isolated pathogens during the analyzed period, several trends were determined: a decrease in the shares of S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., P. aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp. and an increase in the shares of CoNS and Corynebacterium spp.

Conclusion. During 12 years, in the microbial spectrum of orthopedic infection in patients of the septic surgery department of our Center, Gram-positive bacteria, in the majority representatives of the genus Staphylococcus, prevailed. At the same time, a significant decrease in the share of S. aureus strains and an increase in the frequency of isolation of various species of CoNS were registered. A significant decrease in the number of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria was also revealed.

Keywords

orthopedic infection, Staphylococcus aureus, microbial spectrum, periprosthetic infection, osteomyelitis

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About the authors

Alina R. Kasimova

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: kasi-alina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6284-7133

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg; St. Petersburg

Olga S. Tufanova

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: katieva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4891-4963
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

Ekaterina M. Gordina

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: emgordina@win.rniito.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2326-7413

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

Anton N. Gvozdetsky

Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University

Email: Gvozdetskiy_AN@hotmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8045-1220

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

Rashid M. Tikhilov

Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: rtikhilov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0733-2414

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, St. Petersburg

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