Heuristic and praxeological potential of N.A. Berdyaev's philosophical and historical doctrine in the modern socio-political discourse of Russia

Background. The current confrontation between Russia and the West reveals a geopolitical, geoeconomic, and value conflict, which indicates two diametrically opposed socio-political discourses followed by Russia and the West. For the conceptual support of Russian socio-political discourse, it seems prospective to turn to the philosophical and historical doctrine of N.A. Berdyaev. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the heuristic and praxeological potential of N.A. Berdyaev's philosophical and historical doctrine, which can strengthen Russia's position in the context of the geopolitical challenge from the Western world. Materials and methods. The implementation of the research objectives was carried out based on the analysis of N.A. Berdyaev's philosophical and journalistic works. The methodological framework of the study is based on the methodology of research programs by I. Lakatos, which allows us to consider socio-political discourse as a “research program” with a “hard core” and a “protective belt”. In this study, I. Lakatos’s terminology is applied through partial metaphorical structuring, according to the theory of conceptual metaphor by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson. Results. It is noted that the modern Russian socio-political discourse, based on traditional spiritual and moral values, is not conceptually sufficient in the context of the geopolitical confrontation with the West. The use of N.A. Berdyaev's philosophical and historical doctrine to support Russian socio-political discourse from the perspective of historiography dedicated to N.A. Berdyaev's doctrine is debatable. The points of view of scientists regarding the potential of N.A. Berdyaev's doctrine are indicated. As a result of the analysis of N.A. Berdyaev's doctrine, the following concepts were identified as prospective for sociopolitical application: personalism as a social worldview, social democracy as a political system, and the Russian idea as Russia's historical mission in the world. Conclusions. The creative improvement of the N.A. Berdyaev's concepts of personalism, social democracy, and Russian idea for the theoretical justification of the Russian model of socio-political development can contribute to strengthening Russia's place and role in the emerging multipolar world.