Calorimetric measurement of the heat of combustion of composite materials, pyrotechnic compositions, and industrial and domestic waste

The quality of pyrotechnic products is controlled on the basis of calorimetric measurements of their heats of combustion in a calorimetric bomb. The accuracy of calorimetric data on the heats of combustion of substances is determined, to a large extent, by the relative measurement method — the matching of the conditions of the calibration experiment with reference benzoic acid and the test measurement. Documents regulate the measurement of the heats of combustion of compositions in bomb calorimeters, determine the layout of the reference benzoic acid and test samples, as well as the mode and test scheme. The disadvantage of the document is the violation of the conditions of the test method relativity — the need for the onset of a regular thermal regime in the experiment is not taken into account. It is shown that the duration of measurements of pyrotechnic samples exceeds the time of calibration experiments due to the duration of cooling of a large amount of solid end products of the reaction, which ultimately affects the correctness of the results obtained. In the work on simulators, the influence of the duration of the main period of the experiment on the process of heat transfer was experimentally demonstarated. The value of the error of the measurement result from the process of heat transfer in the bomb, associated with the duration of the main period of the experiment, was determined. A method for conducting an experiment with enhanced heat transfer of combustion products and a minimum duration is suggested. Technical improvement of calorimetric tests is recommended. The quality of pyrotechnic products is controlled on the basis of calorimetric measurements of their heats of combustion in a calorimetric bomb.