The effect of water vapor on the conductivity and response of gas-sensitive nanostructured ZnO layers to ethanol vapors at room temperature

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Abstract

The paper presents the results of a study on the sensitivity of gas-sensing zinc oxide ZnO film nanostructures at room temperature. The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of ambient humidity on the conductivity of ZnO samples and their response to ethanol vapor in the presence of water vapor. It has been discovered that zinc oxide films are responsive to both water and ethanol vapor at room temperature, across a broad range of concentrations (5% to 50% saturated vapor). The study found that repeated exposure to water vapor can lead to changes in the conductivity of zinc oxide samples when they are exposed to dry air. Additionally, pre-annealing the samples at 400°C can help to replicate the concentration-dependent response of gas-sensitive structures to water vapor. Hysteresis was observed in the relationship between concentration and response to water vapor, in the range of 5% to 90% of the relative humidity. This can be explained by the capillary condensation of water vapor within the mesopores of zinc oxide layers. As the humidity of a gas sample containing ethanol increased, the response values and detection limit for ethanol decreased in the gas-air mixture for ZnO samples. Statistical analysis using the principal component method showed the potential for classifying dry and humid gas samples with ethanol vapor in air. Data processing was used to eliminate the influence of the background humidity on the calibration curve for gas-sensitive ZnO samples, demonstrating the effectiveness of this method.

About the authors

Nikita A. Klychkov

Saratov State University

Email: nklychkov@mail.ru
3rd year postgraduate student, Physics Institute

Viacheslav V. Simakov

Saratov State University

Dr. Sc., Professor, Material Sciences, Technologies and Quality Management Department

Ilya V. Sinev

Saratov State University

Ph. D., Docent, Material Sciences, Technologies and Quality Management Department

Vera V. Efanova

Volga State Transport University

Dr. Sc., Professor

Andrey M. Zakharevich

Saratov State University

Ph. D., Head of the Laboratory for Diagnostics of Nanomaterials and Structures

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