Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinucal issues, epidemiology, risk factors and the basic therapy (review)

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Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious medical problem. Based on the research Global Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), the prevalence of COPD in the population to 15.3%. Installed external and internal risk factors of COPD. For patients, COPD is a significant impact of the disease on their daily activities and is often accompanied by one or more concomitant diseases and/or systemic effects. Elevated inflammatory markers significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality among COPD patients, and increased physical activity reduces systemic inflammation. It is noted that the value of dietary fiber may also be related to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The article emphasizes that the clinical phenotypes of COPD can be a composite, because they can change under the influence of therapy and/or as a result of the usual course of the disease. At the expressed symptoms of COPD starting treatment should be their long-acting beta-2-agonists and M-holinolytics. The issue of supplemental inhaled corticosteroids and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors is solved according to the features of the further course of COPD.

About the authors

I. V Leshchenko

Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Medical Association «Novaya Bolnitza»

Email: leshhcenkoiv@mail.ru
д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. фтизиатрии и пульмонологии ФГБОУ ВО УГМУ, науч. рук. клиники ООО МО «Новая больница» 620028, Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg, ul. Repina, d. 3; 620109, Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg, ul. Zavodskaia, d. 29

I. I Baranova

Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Medical Association «Novaya Bolnitza»

Email: baranovailona@gmail.com
канд. мед. наук, ассистент каф. фтизиатрии и пульмонологии ФГБОУ ВО УГМУ, врач-пульмонолог пульмонологической клиники ООО МО «Новая больница» 620028, Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg, ul. Repina, d. 3; 620109, Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg, ul. Zavodskaia, d. 29

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