Yield and quality of soybean grain when cultivated using intensive and organic technologies in Altai region

The use of microbial-based biopreparations and their producers in organic crop cultivation technologies, where the use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides is completely avoided, can improve the nutritional conditions for plants and provide protection against harmful organisms. This is especially important when soil fertility levels are declining.

Aim. To conduct a comparative assessment of the yield and quality of the obtained grain when cultivating soybeans using organic and intensive technologies in the Altai Territory.

Materials and methods. The research area is the moderately arid and piercing steppe of the Altai Territory, the Pripyat variety, the predecessor is spring wheat, the seeding rate is 735 thousand pcs./ha, taking into account the yield – from accounting sites 0.25 m2, in 4-fold repetition. Statistical processing was performed by analysis of variance.

Results. Organic and intensive cultivation technologies contributed to better conservation of plants for harvesting. The average plant height and lower bean attachment are the highest with intensive technology reaching 104.7 cmand 15.9 cm. The largest number of beans on the plant is recorded on the organic technology option – 15.4 pcs., Which is 33.9% higher than on the intensive technology option. The indicator "the number of seeds in the bean" varied slightly (2.4–2.6 pcs.). Yield on organic technology is 14% higher than control and 4.5% higher than intensive technology.

Conclusions. Organic technology ensures the ecological purity of products, improves the nutritional value of soybean grains, increasing the content of protein and mineral elements. Intensive technology increases oiliness, but is inferior in yield and protein content in grain. The control option is characterized by the lowest indicators, which confirms the need to use modern agricultural technologies based on the use of biologics and microbiological agents in the production of organic plant materials.