Physico-chemical control of lake Sevan water quality
- Autores: Atoyan M.A.1, Barsegyan S.S.2, Galkina D.A.1, Djavakhyan M.A.3,4, Khachaturyan M.A.1, Pleteneva T.V.1
-
Afiliações:
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
- Russian Center for Forensic Medical Examination Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Edição: Volume 28, Nº 5 (2025)
- Páginas: 50-60
- Seção: Pharmaceutical chemistry
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/1560-9596/article/view/295961
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/25877313-2025-05-06
- ID: 295961
Citar
Resumo
Introdoction. The high-altitude lake of the Caucasus – Sevan, is a natural source of water for the population and agricultural lands, including areas for growing medicinal plant raw materials. Against the background of anthropogenic impact, there is active development of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, as well as exceeding the normative values of heavy metals in both the Large and Small Sevan lakes.
Objective of the study – to apply physicochemical methods of analysis, used in pharmacopoeial analysis, to assess the water quality of Lake Sevan.
Material and methods. Water quality monitoring of Lake Sevan was conducted using electrochemical methods (conductometry and potentiometry), water dispersity was evaluated using dynamic light scattering (DLS), the content of essential elements and heavy metals was determined (X-ray fluorescence analysis – XRF), and potentially toxic organic compounds were investigated (IR spectroscopy and HPLC-MS, GC-MS).
Results. The average values of specific electrical conductivity and the corresponding concentrations of standard salt solutions indicate the absence of statistical differences for waters of different seasons, i.e. they do not depend on temperature fluctuations and the environmental load on the lake. The waters of Lake Sevan have a pH of 8.6–8.9. The waters are characterized by polydispersity with maxima at 164 nm and in the range from 255 to 342 nm. The IR spectra of the residues after water removal demonstrated the presence of organic compounds of different classes, the content of which is higher in summer. Traces of potentially toxic compounds were detected using the chromatographic method. Inorganic components are ranked by content: Cl (2.3%) > K (0.7%) > S (0.5%) > Ca (0.41%) > Br (107 ppm) > Zn (38 ppm) > Fe (23 ppm) > Mn (6.2 ppm) > Cu (2.1 ppm).
Conclusions. The analysis of water samples from Lake Sevan in summer and winter demonstrated the feasibility of monitoring their quality using pharmacopoeial physicochemical methods. Lake Sevan is a sustainable ecosystem that requires careful management to avoid its negative transformation.
Palavras-chave
Texto integral
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##Sobre autores
M. Atoyan
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: meri.atoyan@mail.ru
ORCID ID: 0009-0007-5422-1449
Código SPIN: 7573-3275
Medical Institute, Master's student, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry
Rússia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198S. Barsegyan
Russian Center for Forensic Medical Examination Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Email: areviklu@mail.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6234-4253
Código SPIN: 1261-1536
Ph.D. (Pharm.), Head of the Department of Forensic Chemical and Toxicological Studies
Rússia, 12/13 Polikarpova st., Moscow, 125284D. Galkina
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Email: skretti@hotmail.com
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0270-2888
Código SPIN: 7573-3270
Ph.D. (Pharm.), Medical Institute, Assistant, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry
Rússia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198M. Djavakhyan
Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia; All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Email: akopovamarina13@mail.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2673-6203
Código SPIN: 3912-4027
Dr.Sc. (Pharm.), Associate Professor, Deputy Director of the Institute of Pharmacy, Chief Research Scientist
Rússia, 4 Dolgorukovskaya st., Moscow, 127006; 7 Grina, st., Moscow, 117216M. Khachaturyan
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Email: mar.982@mail.ru
ORCID ID: 0009-0009-1334-5992
Código SPIN: 1273-2576
Ph.D. (Chem.), Associate Professor, Medical Institute, Research Assistant, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry
Rússia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198T. Pleteneva
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Email: tvplet@mail.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7297-980X
Código SPIN: 1273-2555
Dr.Sc. (Chem.), Medical Institute, Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry
Rússia, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117198Bibliografia
- Shaginyan S.M., Sargsyan M.A. The impact of heavy metals on fish health in Lake Sevan and the reflection of the results on human health as their consumers. International Scientific Research Journa. 2015; 4(35), 104−106. (In Russ.).
- GOST 32220-2013. Drinking bottled water. General specifications; https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200107341. (In Russ.)
- Syroeshkin A.V., Suzdalyeva O.V., Kiskina L.P. i dr. Kinetic description of cell interaction with low molecular weight ligands. Bulletin of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia. Series: Medicine. 2001; 25–32. (In Russ.).
- Dolmatova L.A. Features of the hydrochemical regime of Lake Teletskoye during the autumn cooling period. World of Science, Culture, Education. 2011; 6(2), 418−421. (In Russ.).
- Aliaskarov M., Sariyeva M., Dzhenbaev B.M. i dr. Multidimensional analysis of the water quality parameters of Lake Issyk-Kul. International Scientific Research Journal. 2019; 5(1), 83. (In Russ.).
- Paizilloev A.K.U., Abdullaev A.K., Kadyrova G.Kh., Shakirov Z.S. Optimization of cultivation conditions for local strains of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria of the genus Nostoc. Universum. Chemistry and Biology: electronic. 2021; 7: 85. (In Russ.).
- Standard Reference Material 2976. Trace elements and methylmercury in mussel tissue (Freeze-dried): Certificate of Analysis. [Elektronnyj resurs]. Gaithersburg: National Institute of Standards & Technology. 2018; https://tsapps.nist.gov/srmext/certificates/2976.pdf.
- Mir A.R., Pichtel J., Hayat S. Copper: uptake, toxicity and tolerance in plants and management of Cu-contaminated soil. Biometals. 2021; 34(4): 737–759. doi: 10.1007/s10534-021-00306-z.
- Koekkoek K.W.A, Berger M.M. An update on essential micronutrients in critical illness. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2023; 29(4): 315–329. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000001062.
- Skalny A.V., Aschner M., Tinkov A.A. Zinc. Adv Food Nutr Res. 2021; 96: 251–310. doi: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.01.003.
- Pleteneva T.V., Galkina D.A., Fatkulina O.A. et al. Arrhenius kinetics in the evaluation of the biological activity of pharmaceutical tinctures. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15 (4): 277–281. doi: 10.22159/ijap.2023v15i4.48058.
- Popov N.S., Egorova E.N., Petrova M.B. i dr. Application of HPLC-MS for quantitative determination of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxy-pyridinium N-acetyl-6-aminohexanoate in rat plasma. Problems of Biological, Medical, and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021; 24(10): 45−51; http://www.doi.org/ 10.29296/25877313-2021-10-06. (In Russ.).
- Poopal R.K., Zhang J., Zhao R. i dr. Biochemical and behavior effects induced by diheptyl phthalate (DHpP) and Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) exposed to zebrafish. Chemosphere. 2020; 252: 126–498. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126498.
- Wang Y., Wang B., Wang P. et al. Review of neurotoxicity of T-2 toxin. Mycotoxin Res. 2024; 40(1): 85–95. doi: 10.1007/s12550-024-00518-5.
- Zırh S., Bahador Z.E., Erol S. et al. Investigation of FF-MAS oxysterole's role in follicular development and its relation to hedgehog signal pathway. Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1): 24863. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76281-5.
- Gholap A.D., Sayyad S.F., Hatvate N.T. et al. Drug Delivery Strategies for Avobenzone: A Case Study of Photostabilization. Pharmaceutics. 2023; 15(3): 1008. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15031008.
- Chen Y., Gao D., Wu Y. et al. Determination of the Dissipation Dynamics and Terminal Residue of Bupirimate and Its Metabolites in Cucumber by QuEChERS-Based UPLC-MS/MS. ACS Omega. 2023; 8(26): 23975–23981. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02644.
- Karinen R., Høiseth G., Svendsen K.O. et al. Fatal intoxication with phenazone (antipyrine). Forensic sci int. 2015; 248: 13–15. doi: 10.1016/J.FORSCIINT.2015.01.001.
- Ma G., Xiao H., Wei X. et al. Source and composition analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in the refinery circulating water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023; 30(9): 24470–24478. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23922-9.
- Huang L., Zhu X., Zhou S. et al. Phthalic Acid Esters: Natural Sources and Biological Activities. Toxins (Basel). 2021; 13(7): 495. doi: 10.3390/toxins13070495.
- Ren X.M., Chang R.C., Huang Y. et al. 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol Induces Adipogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating Retinoid X Receptors. Endocrinology. 2023; 164(4): bqad021. doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqad021.
Arquivos suplementares
