Balance impairment as a limiting factor of functioning after stroke: a contemporary interdisciplinary approach to rehabilitation

Aleksandra L. Gaganova; Гаганова Александра Леонидовна; Marina A. Kravtsova; Кравцова Марина Александровна; Ekaterina E. Pavlova; Павлова Екатерина Евгеньевна; Ruslan A. Gaynullin; Гайнуллин Руслан Анварович; Sadiyat D. Jamalutinova; Джамалутинова Садият Джамалутиновна; Yulia R. Samodelkina; Самоделкина Юлия Романовна; Maya F. Ikhsanova; Ихсанова Майя Федоровна; Andrey V. Sergeev; Сергеев Андрей Вадимович; Kosimjon I. Boltaboev; Болтабоев Косимжон Иномжонович; Sardorbek B. Makhamadaliev; Махамадалиев Сардорбек Бахтиярович; Azaliya Z. Farrakhova; Фаррахова Азалия Зульфаровна; Renata R. Alsynbaeva; Алсынбаева Рената Рустамовна; Dzhamilya Z. Gasanova; Гасанова Джамиля Закировна; Evelina A. Mishina; Мишина Эвелина Андреевна

doi:10.17816/MSER693970

Balance impairment as a limiting factor of functioning after stroke: a contemporary interdisciplinary approach to rehabilitation

Authors: Gaganova A.L.¹, Kravtsova M.A.¹, Pavlova E.E.², Gaynullin R.A.³, Jamalutinova S.D.³, Samodelkina Y.R.³, Ikhsanova M.F.³, Sergeev A.V.³, Boltaboev K.I.³, Makhamadaliev S.B.³, Farrakhova A.Z.³, Alsynbaeva R.R.³, Gasanova D.Z.⁴, Mishina E.A.³
Affiliations:
1. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
2. Saint Petersburg State University
3. Bashkir State Medical University
4. Dagestan State Medical University
Issue: Vol 28, No 3 (2025)
Pages: 163-176
Section: Review
URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/1560-9537/article/view/381395
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/MSER693970
EDN: https://elibrary.ru/RXILVL
ID: 381395

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Abstract

Postural control (PC) impairment is a consequence of acute cerebrovascular events leading to increased disability, limiting functioning, increasing fall risk, and causing a sustained decline in quality of life. The relevance of this review is determined by the need to implement a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to stroke rehabilitation integrating modern diagnostic and PC correction methods, which is of particular importance given the rising number of patients with this condition and limited effectiveness of traditional rehabilitation strategies. Based on the analysis of 76 scientific publications, contemporary concepts of the pathophysiology of post-stroke balance impairment are systematized; central nervous system dysfunction, proprioceptive deficit, and impaired cortical activation play a key role in its genesis. Valid and reliable assessment tools are discussed, including standardized clinical scales (Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test) and instrumental techniques (stabilography, 3D gait analysis, inertial measurement unit–based systems), as well as assessment methods aligned with the International Classification of Functioning framework. The effectiveness of interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs using innovative technological solutions, such as robotic therapy, biofeedback-based systems, and virtual reality, has been demonstrated, showing positive effects not only on physiological balance parameters, but also on activity and participation levels. Particular attention is given to combined kinesitherapeutic approaches such as proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, and to integrating psychological support to address fear of falling.

Keywords

acute cerebrovascular accident, stroke outcomes, functioning limitation, postural control, balance impairment, post-stroke rehabilitation, interdisciplinary approach, gait biomechanics, proprioceptive training, robotic technologies

Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Ufa

References

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Balance impairment as a limiting factor of functioning after stroke: a contemporary interdisciplinary approach to rehabilitation

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Abstract

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