Role of extracellular vesicles in chronic opisthorchiasis

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The polymorphism of chronic opisthorchiasis is associated with cardiovascular symptoms and lipid disorders. Therefore, highly sensitive markers of cardiovascular events are required. This work is the first to evaluate the role of extracellular vesicles in this invasion.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the blood levels of extracellular vesicles and their potential association with symptoms of cardiovascular disorders and lipid profile in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis.

METHODS: The study group included 63 patients with chronic opisthorchiasis aged 18 to 55 years. The control group included 31 healthy volunteers. Using flow cytometry, we quantified microvesicles derived from platelets (CD41+CD31+), endothelial cells (CD41–CD31+), and leukocytes (CD45+), and vesicles expressing the inflammatory marker CD54 (ICAM-1).

RESULTS: The study group demonstrated an increase in the following extracellular vesicle counts: CD41+ (p = 0.035), CD31+ (p = 0.033), CD54+ (p = 0.033), and CD45+ (panleukocyte-derived, p = 0.0411). The counts of platelet-derived and endothelial-derived vesicles (p = 0.033 and p = 0.026), respectively) and CD54+-positive leukocyte-derived vesicles (p = 0.017) were increased. The results showed an increase in CD9+-positive endothelial-derived vesicles: 46.2% in the study group and 23.3% in the control group. Differences in levels of extracellular vesicles in all study fractions (CD41+, CD31+, CD54+, CD45+, CD41+CD31+, CD41–CD31+, CD45+CD54+, CD9+CD41+CD31+, CD9+CD41–CD31+, СD9+CD45+) were predictive for patients with hypersympathicotonia. A positive correlation was found between heart rate and the inflammatory markers CD54+ (r = 0.435, p < 0.05) and CD45+CD54+ (r = 0.403, p < 0.05), and between the atherogenicity index and endothelial-derived extracellular vesicles (CD31+, CD41–CD31+, r = 0.613, p = 0.047).

CONCLUSION: Microvesicles serve as potential highly sensitive markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in chronic opisthorchiasis. The correlation revealed between the counts of inflammatory and endothelial-derived extracellular vesicles, heart rate, and the atherogenicity index indicates an association between these levels and cardiovascular markers. Therefore, vesicle levels can serve as a new marker of cardiovascular risk, comparable to routine clinical tests.

About the authors

Maria E. Ivanova

Altai State Medical University

Email: ivanova.akcomd@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-9413-3216
SPIN-code: 3345-9251
Russian Federation, Barnaul

Nina V. Karbysheva

Altai State Medical University

Email: nvk80@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8320-3468
SPIN-code: 7917-7849

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Barnaul

Andrey P. Momot

Altai State Medical University; National Medical Research Center of Hematology

Email: xyzan@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8413-5484
SPIN-code: 8464-9030

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

Russian Federation, Barnaul; Moscow

Marina A. Nikonorova

Altai State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: ma.nikulina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6621-9310
SPIN-code: 5396-5198

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

Russian Federation, Barnaul

Olga V. Beskhlebova

Altai State Medical University

Email: olg.deriglazova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4561-1019
SPIN-code: 5033-5574

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

Russian Federation, Barnaul

Alexey V. Kudinov

National Medical Research Center of Hematology

Email: kudinovalexej@gmail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0967-6117
SPIN-code: 6231-4604
Russian Federation, Moscow

Irina N. Kiushkina

Altai State Medical University

Email: i.kiushkina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8106-3024
SPIN-code: 4032-8818

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

Russian Federation, Barnaul

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