The role of food hyperreactivity and intestinal microbiota imbalance in development of metabolic syndrome in young volunteers

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the world is 20-40%. Due to the high occurence of metabolic syndrome, its early detection is of great importance for timely initiation in order to prevent its eventual complications. Researchers still do not achieved consensus on etiology, diagnosis and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Currently, it has only been shown that there are risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome such as genetics, lifestyle and disorder of the normal qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota. In our opinion, chronic sluggish inflammation and microbiological intestinal dysbiosis play an important role in development of metabolic disorders, and the key predictor of their development is the state of food hyperreactivity. The aim of our work was to assess the role of food hyperreactivity in development of chronic inflammation, metabolic disorders, intestinal dysbiosis and relationships between microbiota, inflammation indexes and metabolic disorders. To achieve this goal, specific IgG antibodies to 111 food antigens were determined using the immunohealth methodology (RZN 2020/9970). Moreover, biochemical indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17), a complete blood count and 33 indicators of intestinal microbiota using PCR (COLONOFLOR-16 (premium)) were evaluated. The study included 60 patients with increased body mass index and 20 volunteers with a normal body mass index. The study material included venous blood samples and fecal samples. The concentrations of cytokines, insulin, and biochemical indicators were determined in blood serum samples. Fecal specimens were used to assess the qualitative and quantitative composition of the colon microbiota. We obtained data indicating the role of food hyperreactivity in development of chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders. We have also shown the role of individual members of intestinal microbiota and their relationship to inflammation and development of metabolic disorders. Thus, we demonstrated an integral relationship between food hyperreactivity, intestinal microbiological dysbiosis, inflammation indices and markers of metabolic disorders. These data may serve as a basis for new approaches to prevention and correction of metabolic syndrome, as well as for further studies of microbiota in various disorders.