Vol 59, No 10 (2017)

A method of measuring the pulse arrival time of the radio emission of pulsars is described. The method is based on the use of a wideband optoelectronic processor. A special feature of the processor is a special operating mode (time delay and integration mode) of a multi-element CCD photodetector in which the dispersion of the radio emission received by the photodetector is compensated. The components of the instrumental error of the measurements are considered. Results gained from the use of the optoelectronic processor in a radio telescope are presented.

We examine a set of specific criteria designed to test hypotheses about the membership of observations to the uniform law. We studied the distribution of statistics of criteria and their power relative to various competing hypotheses. We identified advantages and disadvantages of the various criteria. It has been shown that a significant part of the criteria traditionally used when testing hypotheses about uniformity, is ectopic relative to a certain type of competing hypotheses. It is stressed that the special criteria for testing uniformity have no obvious advantages over non-parametric agreement criteria used for checking uniformity.

We present the results of investigating the influence of noise interference on the descriptive content of measured telemetry data. We demonstrate the different levels of distortion effects of major and minor bits in the measurement data words. We conclude that in the implementation of the technological sequences of processing and analysis of the measured data, it is necessary to apply methods and algorithms to eliminate errors in the higher order bits of the measurement data words.

A method and experimental setup for measuring the permeability of membrane and film materials has been developed. This method is based on determining the kinetics of the pressure change in a liquid above a membrane. The permeability of solvents through a glassy polymer is studied over wide ranges of temperature and pressure. This method and the associated apparatus can be used to determine the permeability of solvents through membrane materials with high accuracy for both convective and diffusive liquid transport.

We have developed and realized a method for restoring the temperature distribution with a two-dimensional gradient in a transparent solid based on refracted images of structured laser radiation. We investigate the time dependence, for heating and cooling, of the characteristic thickness of an inhomogeneous surface layer of a sample made of organic glass, and also its temperature,

The specific nature of the process of measuring the electrical characteristics of bipolar and metal-oxidesemiconductor (MOS) transistors subjected to the action of neutron, electron, and gamma irradiation is considered. An automated measurement system is developed. Examples illustrating the use of the system for investigations of the radiation hardness of transistors are presented and the parameters of SPICE models for use in circuit design are determined.

The thermal effect of the electron probe during low-voltage x-ray spectral microanalysis with nanometer localization is estimated. It is shown that, for most inorganic materials, thermal effects are unimportant, despite a substantial increase in the volume power density owing to electron bombardment. For organic materials, these effects can have a significant influence on the results and can also damage the sample.

Issues related to metrological support for coordinate measurements and wide-range laser measurement systems (trackers, ground scanners, interferometers, robotic electronic tacheometers) are discussed.

A prototype of a system of unilateral and bilateral comparisons of the time scales of distant objects by means of a fiber-optic communication line is described. Results of tests of the prototype and experimental investigations are presented. Errors in the comparison of the time scales and the maximal range of operation of the system are determined.

The use and development of Infrared Synchrotron Accelerator Diagnostics methods and systems in a study of high-speed processes in a project of the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research concerned with the modern complex of superconducting accelerators with the heavy ion collider of the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider Facility (NICA) are considered. Magnetic bremsstrahlung of counter beams of relativistic charged particles is investigated. A technique of detecting magnetic bremsstrahlung synchrotron and coherent radiation at the JINR/NICA complex is proposed.

Application of a coefficient taking into account the solution gas for determining the density of live oil/gas mixtures is considered and analyzed. An alternative method is proposed for calculating live oil density based on fundamental thermodynamic relations and the equations of state. Calculation results of both methods are compared with the experimental data. The accuracy and application practices of both calculation methods are estimated.

Results of comparisons of the national prototype kilogram No. 12 in 2013–2014 with the international kilogram prototype are discussed. Comparisons of secondary duplicate standards with the National Primary Standard for the unit of mass GET 3-2008 in 2015 by the method of combined measurements are reported. Work on improving the national primary standard for the unit of mass in light of the transition to a new definition of the kilogram is analyzed.