Barrier and Strength Properties of Agar-Agar Coated Sack Paper

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Samples of M78 sack paper coated with agar-agar (a biodegradable polymer obtained from brown and red algae) with a thickness of 15–70 μmhave been obtained. It has been shown that when agar-agar is applied to sack paper from an aqueous solution, a continuous elastic coating is formed, with part of the polymer penetrating into the volume of the paper, filling the interfiber space and, possibly, the macro- and micropores of the fibers themselves. As the thickness of the polymer coating grows, the drip absorbency of the material increases and then reaches a certain stable value (taking into account the experimental error). It has been found that the thickness of the agar-agar coating of 40 μmis sufficient to impart barrier properties to sack paper with respect to the action of moisture. In this case, the drip absorbency of coated paper will be equal to ~1000 s, and the absorbency at full immersion will be ~40 %. To evaluate the mechanical properties of pulp and paper materials, a method is proposed for determining the strength properties of the obtained samples, implying a comprehensive deformation of the samples, allowing for anisotropy to be neglected. It has been shown that the tangential stiffness values of sack paper coated with agar-agar is 15–20 % higher than that of the original paper. A mechanism for this strengthening has been developed, which consists in the following. When a load is applied to the paper material, its destruction occurs due to both the rupture of cellulose fibers and the separation of fibers from each other. If there is a lack of binder, the load is transferred from fiber to fiber only by means of friction force. In paper, the surface layer of which is impregnated with agar-agar, the load from fiber to fiber goes through the polymer, therefore the deformation and strength properties increase. The nature of cellulose fibers and agar-agar ensures the manifestation of good adhesion between them. It has been concluded that agar-agar coated sack paper is environmentally friendly, since both of its components are biodegradable.

About the authors

L. R Galeeva

Kazan National Research Technological University

Email: l.musina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9004-4549
ResearcherId: AAE-8448-2019
Candidate of Engineering Kazan, Russian Federation, 420015

A. A Khadeeva

Kazan National Research Technological University

Email: khadeeva1999@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-7756-3770
ResearcherId: NBW-6648-2025
Postgraduate Student Kazan, Russian Federation, 420015

S. N Yakupov

Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: tamas_86@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0047-3679
ResearcherId: R-6951-2016
Candidate of Engineering Kazan, Russian Federation, 420111

E. I Baygildeeva

Kazan National Research Technological University

Email: baigildeeva_e_i@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9370-7544
ResearcherId: OLR-1648-2025
Candidate of Engineering Kazan, Russian Federation, 420015

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