Clinical observation of a patient with eclampsia

Background: The prevalence of preeclampsia ranges from 2 to 24% of all births, eclampsia from 0.03 to 0.1%. These conditions are responsible for the highest number of maternal morbidity and mortality cases. Eclampsia is the most severe, critical form, proceeding with the development of post-eclamptic coma and other serious complications.

Case report: A 32-year-old patient presented at the emergency department of the Lapino Clinical Hospital with complaints of headache and vomiting. On admission, blood pressure (BP) was 170/100 mmHg. Magnesium therapy, nifedipine 10 mg 2 tablets orally, was started in the emergency department. Her condition worsened 1 hour 15 minutes after admission to the intensive care unit: BP level increased to 200/100 mmHg, and the patient experienced clonic convulsions. Due to the development of eclampsia, the decision was made to perform an emergency caesarean section. External drainage of the lateral cerebral ventricle was performed 12 hours after delivery. A range of therapeutic interventions were administered, including magnesium, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, nootropic, neurometabolic, anticoagulant, as well as correction of hypoproteinemia and anemia. The patient was transferred to the neurology department on the 54th day after delivery and discharged home with recommendations on the 69th day. Currently, she undergoes an active rehabilitation process with a very positive dynamic.

Conclusion: The timely diagnosis of eclampsia complications, the management of patients with eclampsia, and the administration of adequate therapy should be carried out in a hospital with multidisciplinary teams, and using a multidisciplinary approach, which allows high rehabilitation results to be achieved.