Differential diagnosis of hyperandrogenism
- Authors: Ivashchenko K.V.1, Molashenko N.V.1, Platonova N.M.1, Roslyakova A.A.1, Ioutsi V.A.1, Ovcharov M.V.1, Antsupova M.A.1, Lapshina A.M.1, Buryakina S.A.1, Beltsevich D.G.1, Kuznetsov N.S.1, Andreeva E.N.1,2, Troshina E.A.1, Melnichenko G.A.1
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Affiliations:
- National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
- Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia
- Issue: No 10 (2024)
- Pages: 200-208
- Section: Clinical Notes
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/0300-9092/article/view/270953
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.18565/aig.2024.152
- ID: 270953
Cite item
Abstract
Background: Androgen-producing tumors represent an extremely rare group of hormonally active adrenal neoplasms. Their clinical course is characterized by hirsutism, menstrual irregularities, acne, virilization and other manifestations of hyperandrogenism. This condition should be differentially diagnosed with diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), Itsenko–Cushing syndrome and adrogen-producing ovarian tumors, which are also characterized by androgen excess.
Case report: The presented clinical case is an example of long-term observation of a reproductive-aged woman with a clinical picture of hyperandrogenism and reproductive dysfunction; she received ineffective treatment for CAH and PCOS at different periods of her life. Multisteroid hormone analysis of blood serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), genetic testing combined with high-precision imaging techniques made it possible to establish the diagnosis of androgen-producing adrenal mass as the underlying cause of the disease more than 20 years after the appearance of the first symptoms. After performing adrenalectomy for the tumor, the level of androgens and their metabolites became normal, and the menstrual cycle restored.
Conclusion: Patients with manifestations of hyperandrogenism should have laboratory evaluation of possible hormonal disorders, imaging of the adrenal glands and ovaries (pelvic MRI, MSCT of the retroperitoneal space), and genetic testing for CYP21A2 gene mutations, when necessary, to exclude the excessive androgen production or adrenocortical tumorigenesis. In order to identify the source of hyperandrogenism, multisteroid blood analysis may be performed as an additional method using HPLC-MS/MS.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Ksenia V. Ivashchenko
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: kseniya223@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0786-7809
Endocrinologist, PhD Student
Russian Federation, MoscowNatalya V. Molashenko
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: molashenko@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6265-1210
SPIN-code: 5679-2808
PhD, Endocrinologist
Russian Federation, MoscowNadezhda M. Platonova
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: doc-platonova@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6388-1544
SPIN-code: 4053-3033
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Therapeutic Endocrinology
Russian Federation, MoscowAnna A. Roslyakova
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: aroslyakova12@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1857-5083
SPIN-code: 5984-4175
Endocrinologist
Russian Federation, MoscowVitaly A. Ioutsi
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: vitalik_org@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9002-1662
SPIN-code: 9734-0997
PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Metabolomic and Proteomic Studies
Russian Federation, MoscowMaxim V. Ovcharov
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: ovcharov.maksim@endocrincentr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7879-2034
SPIN-code: 6999-1893
PhD, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Metabolomic and Proteomic Studies
Russian Federation, MoscowMaria A. Antsupova
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: masha_ancupova@mail.ru
Researcher at the Laboratory of Metabolomic and Proteomic Studies
Russian Federation, MoscowAnastasia M. Lapshina
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: anastasya.lapshina@endocrincentr.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4353-6705
PhD, Pathologist
Russian Federation, MoscowSvetlana A. Buryakina
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: sburyakina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9065-7791
SPIN-code: 5675-0651
PhD, Radiologist
Russian Federation, MoscowDmitry G. Beltsevich
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: belts67@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7098-4584
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowNikolay S. Kuznetsov
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: kuznetsov-enc@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9419-7013
SPIN-code: 8412-1098
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowElena N. Andreeva
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: endogin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8425-0020
SPIN-code: 1239-2937
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Director of the Institute of Reproductive Medicine
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowEkaterina A. Troshina
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Email: troshina@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8520-8702
SPIN-code: 8821-8990
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS
Russian Federation, MoscowGalina A. Melnichenko
National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Ministry of Health of Russia
Author for correspondence.
Email: teofrast2000@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5634-7877
SPIN-code: 8615-0038
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS, Deputy Director for Scientific Work
Russian Federation, MoscowReferences
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