Effect of Moisture Exchange in the Northern Atlantic on European Russia Moistening and Annual Volga Runoff

Abstract

The interaction between hydrological cycle components in the ocean–atmosphere–land system was considered. Calculations were made with the use of various reanalysis archives, and regularities in the interannual variability of evaporation and precipitation in the North Atlantic and their effect on the zonal transport of water vapor onto the European continent were considered. Statistical models of the annual average total moisture flow at the meridional section 5° E as a function of evaporation in the North Atlantic were constructed. The contribution of the zonal transport of water vapor at the meridian 5° E to the variance of the total precipitation over cold and warm seasons in the Volga basin was determined. Models with a small number of parameters were constructed for forecasting the annual runoff of the Volga as a function of precipitation by methods of multiple regression and decision trees.