Contamination of Pond with Fluoride and Heavy Metals in the Central India

Abstract

The ponds are natural water resources used for drinking, bathing, washing and aqua culture. In this work, the contamination of ponds lied in central India with F^– and heavy metals (As, Sb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Th and U) is described. The F^– concentration in the pond water and sediment (n = 24) was ranged from 1.6–5.5 mg/L and 210–1430 mg/kg with mean value of 2.3 ± 0.4 mg/L and 599 ± 137 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration variation and sources of the elements in the pond water and sediment are discussed. The health hazards of F^– in the domestic animals are described.