MONITORING OF THE POPULATIONS OF THE KAMCHATKAN ANADROMOUS RAINBOW TROUT PARASALMO MYKISS (SALMONIDAE), THE RUSSIAN RED LIST SPECIES, IN THE RIVERS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN KAMCHATKA. I. THE DYNAMICS OF THE GENETIC TRAITS’ VARIABILITY

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Abstract

The state of populations of the anadromous Kamchatka rainbow trout Parasalmo mykiss, the threatened species included into the Russian Red List, have been studied in two rivers in the north-western Kamchatka (Utkholok River and Kvachina River) over a period of more than 25 years. Variability of six microsatellite loci was analyzed: Ssa197, Ssa20.19, One103, One112, Oki10, and Ots3; the POWSIM analysis demonstrated high resolution of the above loci. Genetic diversity indices of the rainbow trout in neighboring rivers are similar and do not differ significantly, but the variability of its average estimates is greater in the larger Utkholok River. Temporal changes in the genetic diversity estimates in different age groups of rainbow trout were also statistically insignificant; in the recent past, these populations of rainbow trout did not experience the bottleneck event. The genetic structure of anadromous rainbow trout in each river is quite stable for more than a quarter of a century (approximately, four to five generations), indicating a fairly high level of genetic exchange between the populations inhabiting the studied streams. No signs of reduction in genetic diversity have been found at microsatellite loci; this reflects their stable state over a long recent period. The analysis of long-term series of genetic traits allows to consider the studied populations of the rainbow trout as a unique unit for biodiversity conservation of the species included into the Red List of the Russian Federation. We suggest to assign them as a “reference cluster of populations of particular importance” and to develop a specialized system of measures aimed at their conservation.

About the authors

K. V. Kuzishchin

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: KK_office@mail.ru
Moscow, Russia; Moscow, Russia

A. V. Semenova

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences

Moscow, Russia; Moscow, Russia

M. A. Gruzdeva

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Moscow, Russia

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