Techno-economic justification for employee training in refrigeration equipment operation at food industry enterprises

The relevance of this study stems from the need to ensure uninterrupted, safe, and cost-effective operation of refrigeration equipment in food industry enterprises, where temperature control is critical for product quality and regulatory compliance. Under a single-shift operational model, even temporary absence of qualified personnel may result in severe operational and financial losses. This article presents a techno-economic justification for implementing an internal training course on refrigeration system operation and maintenance. A comparative analysis of two strategies — direct hiring with in-house training versus outsourcing maintenance functions — is conducted. Although outsourcing demonstrates lower direct costs, staff training significantly reduces operational risks, shortens new employee onboarding periods, improves personnel retention, and increases equipment technical availability. Economic analysis revealed a positive return on investment (ROI ≈ 43.7%) and a payback period of 1.4 years.