Basic principles of designing heat exchangers with heat pipes for air conditioning systems

Based on the results of literature analysis, the basic principles of designing a heat exchanger with heat pipes for use in air conditioning systems have been determined. The principle of operation and design of a heat pipe are described. A sequence of necessary steps for selecting the configuration of a heat exchanger with heat pipes is given, and a diagram for its step-by-step design is proposed. Recommendations are also given for selecting the working fluid, shell material, and wick design, and the differences between homogeneous and composite wicks are indicated. The limitations on heat transfer of heat pipes, the description, the reasons for these limitations, and formulas for calculation are given. An example of an installation using heat pipes as an exhaust air heat exchanger in a central air conditioner is given. A conclusion is made about the advantages of using heat pipes in air conditioning systems for heat recovery, indicating the reasons for the rare aplication of this type of heat exchanger. The result of the analysis of various methods for creating a heat exchanger with heat pipes are presented, taking into account the prospects for using heat pipes in air conditioning systems. It is noted that the rarely used design of heat recovery units in the form of heat pipes is interesting and very promising, although it has manufacturing complexities and requires qualified maintenance.