Том 106, № 1 (2017)

We investigate positron scattering upon endohedrals and compare it with electron-endohedral scattering. We show that the polarization of the fullerene shell considerably alters the polarization potential of an atom, stuffed inside a fullerene. This essentially affects both the positron and electron elastic scattering phases as well as corresponding cross sections. Of great importance is also the interaction between the incoming positron and the target electrons that leads to formation of the virtual positronium P̃s. We illustrate the general trend by concrete examples of positron and electron scattering upon endohedrals He@C₆₀ and Ar@C₆₀, and compare it to scattering upon fullerene C₆₀. To obtain the presented results, we have employed new simplified approaches that permit to incorporate the effect of fullerenes polarizability into the He@C₆₀ and Ar@C₆₀ polarization potential and to take into account the virtual positronium formation. Using these approaches, we obtained numeric results that show strong variations in shape and magnitudes of scattering phases and cross sections due to effect of endohedral polarization and P̃s formation.

The structure and electronic properties of Ge/SiC van der Waals (vdW) bilayer under the influence of an electric field have been investigated by the first-principles method. Without an electric field, the system shows a small band gap of 126 meV at the equilibrium state. Interestingly, by applying a vertical external electric field, the results present a parabola-like relationship between the band gap and the strength. As the negative E-field changes from 0.0 to −0.40 V/Å, the band gap first increases to a maximum of about 378 meV and then decreases to zero. A similar trend is exhibited for the positive E-field, ranging from 0.0 to +0.40 V/Å. The band gap reaches a maximum of about 315 meV at +0.10 V/Å. The significant variations of band gap are owing to different states of Ge, Si, and C atoms in conduction band and valence band. The predicted electric field tunable band gap of the Ge/SiC vdW heterostructures is very promising for its potential use in nanodevices.

Magnetoplasma excitations in AlAs/AlGaAs quantum wells, characterized by strong anisotropy in the effective mass of two-dimensional electrons, are investigated using the optical detection of resonance microwave absorption. This technique is used for the first time for an indirect-gap semiconductor. It is found that the magnetic dispersion of the cyclotron magnetoplasma mode deviates significantly from the theoretically expected behavior. This may be related to the considerably more pronounced manifestation of retardation effects in two-dimensional systems with an anisotropic energy spectrum.

High-precision measurements of the shear modulus of polycrystalline indium from room temperature to the melting temperature T_m and molecular statics computer simulation have been performed. It has been found that interstitial defects are intensely generated near T_m in a dumbbell (split) configuration and their concentration can exceed the concentration of vacancies.

Recent experimental results on the superconducting spin-valve effect and generation of the long-range triplet superconductivity in a F1/F2/S structure are reviewed (here, F1 and F2 are uncoupled ferromagnetic layers, and S is the superconducting layer). The main results are the following: (i) the maximum of the magnitude of the superconducting spin-valve effect increases with decreasing the exchange field h in the ferromagnetic layer; (ii) a full switching between the normal and superconducting states may be realized with the aid of the triplet contribution to the spin-valve effect.

It has been shown that an optical trap for an atomic condensate formed by a mode of a ring cavity possesses specific properties. These properties are not featured by a trap formed by free beams and arise owing to quantum correlations (entanglement) between the localized atoms and the optical mode. In particular, there is an effect similar to an optomechanical phenomenon known as an “optical spring” (S. Martellucci et al., Bose–Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2002)) and manifested by the emergence of an effective correction to the interaction between the localized atoms. The magnitude and sign of this correction can be controlled by varying the frequency of the source forming the trap.

A new class of high-temperature multiferroics has been created. They are polymer composites based on a polystyrene matrix and nucleus–shell nanoparticles, where the nucleus consists of silica nanoparticles and the shell consists of Fe(III) spin-variable ions.