Selection of Coolant for Low-Temperature Refrigerators

Abstract

A list of substances that can be used as low-temperature refrigerants for cryogranulation in cryochemical technology is provided. The substances are analyzed according to a criterion that considers the thermodynamic and transport properties of refrigerants. Data from a performance evaluation of various refrigerants are presented. For example, butane has properties that allow high efficiency to be achieved when it is used as a refrigerant but it is a flammable and explosive material, which limits its use.