Research and optimization of the descent phase of civil aviation aircraft in the vertical navigation problem

The solution of the problem of forming the high-altitude and high-speed flight profile of civil and military transport aircraft at the phase of descent and optimization according to the economic criterion is carried out using a dynamic model of the movement of the center of mass in the vertical plane. The model takes into account the change in the mass of the aircraft and the systematic component of wind speed. The aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft, its weight, as well as the altitude-speed and throttle characteristics of the engines are close to a modern standard medium-haul aircraft. A classification of decline trajectories is proposed. For each type of such trajectories, many parameters have been defined that uniquely characterize their properties, and the values of quality criteria that consider the cost and cost of fuel. The influence (relevance) of these parameters on the criteria and properties of trajectories has been assessed. The task of optimizing the phase of descent with the provision of a given time for its execution is formulated. The necessary and sufficient conditions for its feasibility have been obtained. An example of solving this problem for a typical medium-haul aircraft is considered.