Effectiveness of the use of trace elements in the cultivation of grain crops in long-term experiments on sod-podzolic soil

In long-term field experiments on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil, the yield of winter wheat of the Moskovskaya 56 variety and spring barley of the Vladimir variety, as well as grain quality, depending on the use of trace elements, was studied. The use of zinc and copper micro-fertilizers in the forms of ZnSO₄ and CuSO₄ on poorly cultivated soil provided the greatest efficiency on a calcareous background with a slightly acidic reaction of the soil medium: the yield increases of winter wheat and spring barley reached 12 and 8.6%, with its values against the background of mineral fertilizers 63.9 and 51.2 c/ha. The introduction of a complex of trace elements Akvamix-ST into cultivated soil increased the yield of winter wheat with a mineral fertilizer system by 13, organomineral – by 7.6%, spring barley – by 11 and 6.4%, respectively, reaching 76.4 and 59.8 c/ha. The use of trace elements slightly increased the protein content in the grains of both crops by 0.3–0.4% and the crude gluten content in winter wheat grains by 0.5–0.9%.