The relationship between ADD1 (Gly460Trp) rs4961 polymorphism and the main physiological parameters of the cardiovascular system in pregnant women

INTRODUCTION: Physiological development of pregnancy is possible only with the proper functioning of the cardiovascular system (CVS) of mother in general and of the placental vascular system in particular. Research continues into the factors and genetic polymorphisms that influence the development of cardiovascular diseases in women during pregnancy.

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between the ADD1 (Gly460Trp) rs4961 polymorphism and CVS parameters in women during pregnancy.

METHODS: The study included 170 pregnant women aged 20 to 38 years in the third trimester of pregnancy. Of these 76 women with normotensive pregnancy (control group) and 94 women with gestational arterial hypertension. Echocardiography, cardiotocography, assessment of uteroplacental and fetoplacental blood flow with determination of the resistance indices (RI) of the uterine arteries and umbilical artery were performed. Genotyping of the ADD1 (Gly460Trp) rs4961 polymorphism was performed using the TagMan probe detection method based on the relative fluorescence units of each probe on a CFX96 amplifier with a detection system in Real-time mode. Bio-Rad IQ5-Standart Edition software was used for allele discrimination.

RERSULTS: In the control group, Gly/Trp and Trp/Trp genotype carriers had a higher cross-sectional area of the left ventricle (LV) in diastole and increased end-diastolic and stroke volumes of the LV compared with similar parameters in women with Gly/Gly genotype (р <0.05). Women with Trp/Trp genotype were found to have elevated levels of systolic, diastolic and pulse blood pressure compared with Gly/Gly and Gly/Trp genotype carriers (р <0.05). In women with normotensive pregnancy with Gly/Trp genotype, higher levels of RI of the umbilical artery (by 9.3%), right uterine artery (by 10.6%), and left uterine artery (by 10.4%) were observed compared with Gly/Gly genotype carriers (р <0.05).

CONCLUSION: The ADD1 (Gly460Trp) rs4961 polymorphism is most significant in the Gly/Trp and Trp/Trp genotypes, which are associated with a larger LV diastolic volume in women with normotensive pregnancy. The pregnant women with Trp/Trp genetic variants were found to have the highest systolic, diastolic, and pulsed pressure levels. In women with normotensive pregnancy, an informative parameter of the functional condition of the umbilical and left uterine arteries is Gly/Trp of ADD1 (Gly460Trp) rs4961 polymorphic variant.