Electron microscopy method in assessing the quality of cell cryopreservation

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Abstract

During its existence, electron microscopy has become one of the reference methods for assessing the structural and functional state of cells, tissues and organs, and an extensive evidence base has been formed that allows its use in the creation and formation of a biobank. The selection of sources for the literature review was carried out using keywords based on publications over the past 20 years. The publications presented in the review were selected by searching the eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed and Scopus databases. Based on foreign and domestic experience in the work of biobanks, we can distinguish four areas that determine the effectiveness of the use of electron microscopy studies as a component of its work. Firstly, it is control of microbiological contamination of a biological sample. The effectiveness of electron microscopy in detecting contamination of a biological sample with bacteria, fungi and viruses is comparable to the effectiveness of classical microbiological techniques. Secondly, it is a diagnostic tool that allows you to identify or confirm the presence in a sample of a pathogenetic process that is of interest for biobanking: tumor growth, atherosclerotic vessel damage, etc. Thirdly, it is quality control for cryopreservation of samples. A wide range of morphological characteristics of the ultramicroscopic structure of cells and microanatomical formations makes it possible to characterize the quality of cryopreservation and quantify the degree of damage, which contributes to the unification and standardization of biobanking. Transmission electron microscopy is the most informative in this matter. Fourthly, this is the basis for digitalization of the results obtained and the formation of an interdisciplinary biobank repository, which allows the use of “big date” technologies for fundamental research. The compliance of the biobank profile with the economic, scientific and industrial characteristics of the infrastructure of the industry or region is of great importance. Electron microscopy data are successfully combined with the results of molecular studies, which allows the formation of interdisciplinary metadata databases suitable for interregional and interdisciplinary scientific integrations. The latter makes it possible to use electron microscopy data to solve a wide range of applied and interdisciplinary problems. The above allows us to consider scanning and transmission microscopy methods as one of the key methods in the development of biobanking in the region.

About the authors

Vladimir V. Chrishtop

Military Medical Academy

Email: chrishtop@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9267-5800
SPIN-code: 3734-5479
Scopus Author ID: 57207690596
ResearcherId: J-3456-2017

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Maya I. Lobanova

Main Military-Medical Department

Email: nm35vmg@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-9291-3268
SPIN-code: 1229-7589
Scopus Author ID: 58307858963
ResearcherId: IAP-1352-2024
Russian Federation, Moscow

Dmitriy V. Ovchinnikov

Military Medical Academy

Email: izvestiavmeda@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8408-5301
SPIN-code: 5437-3457
Scopus Author ID: 36185599800
ResearcherId: AGK-7796-2022

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alexey A. Semenov

Military Medical Academy

Author for correspondence.
Email: semfeodosia82@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1977-7536
SPIN-code: 1147-3072
Scopus Author ID: 58307755100
ResearcherId: IAP-1241-2023

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Ruslan I. Glushakov

Military Medical Academy

Email: glushakoffruslan@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0161-5977
SPIN-code: 6860-8990
Scopus Author ID: 55263592100
ResearcherId: AGK-5791-2022

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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