НЕЙРОКОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ ИНТЕРФЕЙСЫ ДЛЯ РАСШИРЕНИЯ ФУНКЦИЙ МОЗГА


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Аннотация

Нейрокомпьютерные интерфейсы (НКИ) соединяют отделы нервной системы с внешними устройствами с целью восстановления моторных и сенсорных функций больных с неврологическими поражениями. За последние 50 лет НКИ прошли путь от первоначальных идей до высокотехнологических современных воплощений. Этому развитию в значительной мере способствовали методики многоканальной инвазивной регистрации активности нейронных ансамблей. Современные НКИ способны управлять механическими протезами рук и ног. Более того, НКИ могут обеспечивать сенсорную обратную связь, позволяющую пользователю ощущать движения протеза и его взаимодействие с внешними предметами. Новейшие НКИ соединяют несколько пользователей в мозгосеть. В настоящем обзоре эти достижения разбираются с акцентом на инвазивные НКИ.

Об авторах

М А Лебедев

Университет Дьюка (Дарем, Северная Каролина, США)

Email: lebedev@neuro.duke.edu
PhD (Physics and Mathematics), Senior Research Scientist, Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center (Durham, North Carolina, USA).

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