Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Assets Engineering
ISSN (print): 2500-1019, ISSN (online): 2413-1830 Founder: National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University Editor-in-Chief: Igor P. Semiletov, Corresponding member RAS, Doctor of Geography Sciences, professor Frequency / Access: 12 issues per year / Open Included in: White List (3rd level), Higher Attestation Commission List, RISC, Scopus, Web of Science
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Assessment of the potential geoecological risk of soil pollution during the development of primary diamond deposits (a case study in the Daldyn-Alakitsky mining and industrial region)
Abstract. Relevance. Potentially toxic elements serve as the most important indicators of environmental pollution, creating a potential risk for the ecology and health of the ecosystem, as well as humans in industrial regions. Soil is the main geochemical sink for various pollutants and provides a medium for the transport of many pollutants to the atmosphere, the hydropheric and biomass. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study to assess geoecological risks from potentially toxic elements in soils. Aim. Assessment of the potential geoecological risk of soil contamination on the territory of the industrial site of the Udachny Mining and Processing Division using various pollution assessment indices. Objects. Dominant soil types in the northern taiga landscapes of the Daldyn kimberlite field. Methods. Atomic absorption, statistical methods. Results and conclusions. The author has carried out the assessment of potential sources of soil pollution and geoecological risks using such pollution indicators as the geoaccumulation index, Improved Nemerov index, pollution index, pollution load index, potential ecological risk. The soils of the study area are predominantly contaminated with Ni, Co, Cr and Mn. 19.51% of objects in the study area had a high potential environmental risk for Mn and Ni, and only 4.87% had a low potential environmental risk. Analysis of the spatial distribution of various pollution indices showed similar pictures. Local points with high values of pollution indices were identified. Hot spots were noted in the areas affected by the Udachny and Zarnitsa pipes dumps and tailings dump no. 2.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Gololobova A.G., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Urea application to improve the efficiency of hydrochloric acid treatments of carbonate reservoirs
Relevance. The trend of an annual increase in the share of fields introduced into industrial development and confined to carbonate reservoirs. Predetermines the prospects for the development of inflow stimulation methods. The article deals with issues related to increasing the efficiency of hydrochloric acid treatments of carbonate reservoirs. Aim. Determination of technological solutions to increase the efficiency of hydrochloric acid treatments on carbonate reservoirs. Methods. Experimental research, statistical methods. Results and conclusions. The paper introduces the analysis of acid compositions used for hydrochloric acid treatments and the results of laboratory studies of hydrochloric acid compositions on core samples in the Eastern Siberia. The authors have determined the compatibility of formation fluids and acid compositions as well as the rate of core dissolution for selected compositions. The authors carried out the experiments on measuring the filtration-capacitive properties of core samples. The effectiveness of using urea as a hydrochloric acid modifier for selective hydrochloric acid treatments of carbonate reservoirs was confirmed in laboratory conditions. The authors obtained the changes in the rate of hydrochloric acid with dolomite from urea residues. They assessed the expected effect from urea use in hydrochloric acid treatments of carbonate reservoirs and the predicted values of the increase in oil production after hydrochloric acid treatments with urea. It was shown that using an acid composition with urea increases the efficiency of oil production by 26% compared to the application of a base solution of 24% HCl during hydrochloric acid treatments. The paper introduces the analysis of the competitive advantages of urea in comparison with analogues on the Russian market. This showed that this reagent is widely available on the Russian market and its cost is lower than that of the reagents presented when testing acid compositions.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Vaganov R.A., Zhigarev V.A., Kositsyna S.S., Chernykh D.D., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Generalized Rowlins–Shellhardt equation and its application for optimization of well operation modes
Relevance. The need to improve the accuracy and reliability of forecasting the productivity of gas and gas condensate wells in the long-term planning of gas production enterprises. To improve the accuracy and reliability of calculations of forecast flow rates, it is necessary to take into account changes in the filtration and capacitance properties of the formation in bottom-hole zones caused by the values of reservoir pressure and depression changing over time. Aim. To determine the equations of real indicator curves of fluid inflow to a gas well, taking into account the dependence of the reservoir filtration and capacitance properties in bottom-hole zones on changing values of reservoir pressure and depression. To achieve this aim, the authors apply the working hypothesis that, firstly, in a hidden form, all the physical patterns of gas filtration to the well are contained in the accounting geological and field documentation accumulated during the operation of the well. Secondly, the equations of all real indicator curves can be approximated by the generalized Rawlins–Shellhardt equation proposed by the authors. Based on the results of processing real geological and field data from a number of wells, a new effect was discovered, showing that real indicator curves, unlike classical theoretical situations, can be described by non-monotonic dependences of flow rate on depression. The discovered new effect has important theoretical and practical significance for the oil and gas industry. Objects. Equations of gas inflows to wells, approximated in the form of a generalized Rawlins–Shellhardt equation. Methods. Methods of interpolation and approximation of field data, numerical integration, mathematical modeling methods, correlation and regression analyses, least squares method. Results. For real indicator curves describing, in contrast to classical filtration laws, including non-monotonic dependences of the flow rate on depression, an approximation model is constructed in the form of the proposed generalized Rawlins–Shellhardt equation. This model opens up a new approach to forecasting the flow rates of gas wells, improves the efficiency of gas production and contributes to the sustainable development of the energy sector. For example, it greatly simplifies planning of geological and technical measures and optimizes the development of gas fields.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Tolpaev V.A., Akhmedov K.S., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effectiveness of combining geotechnologies when mining gold
Aim. To simulate combination of gold mining technologies to increase the efficiency of its opening and optimize costs. The efficiency of metal extraction depends on a combination of the possibilities of extraction and enrichment technologies for metal-containing raw materials. The methodology of the research includes a comprehensive study of physico-chemical processes and the establishment of patterns of gold leaching, as well as the justification of the possibility of rationalization of gold mining production options. Methodology. Comprehensive study of the processes and patterns of gold leaching at the stages of field development; models for assessing the impact of mining on the environment; algorithms for gold extraction by hydrometallurgical and heap methods and in disintegrators; algorithm for selecting the parameters of gold leaching from tailings of enrichment and poor ores. Quantitative indicators of the practical extraction of gold by leaching are given. Results and their analysis. The author has substantiated the expediency of processing substandard metal-containing raw materials. The paper demonstrates the role of gold production by leaching metals from resistant sulfide ores. It is proved that maintaining the capacity of mining enterprises is associated with the involvement of technologically opened ores in the processing of tailings. The author defined the goals and objectives of improving the methods of combining technologies for the development of gold deposits. Conclusions. Taking into account the factors of combining geotechnologies of integrated field development under certain conditions ensures profit through the efficient use of resources.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Golik V.I., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effect of surface plastic deformation of drill pipes material on their technological properties
Relevance. The need to study the effect of surface plastic deformation of drill pipes on their technological properties, which will significantly reduce the irrational material and energy costs of drilling wells, as well as optimize the technical and economic indicators of drilling operations. Aim. To increase the productivity of geological exploration by optimizing the operational characteristics of drill pipes. Objects. Drilling well, drilling shell, drill string, shot blasting of pipes, surface plastic deformation. Methods. Specialized test benches have been developed and manufactured for conducting experimental studies; processing of experimental research data was carried out by the graphoanalytic method. Results. The paper introduces the results of the study of the effect of surface plastic deformation produced by means of shot-impact treatment of the surface of the drill pipe material on their technological properties. The conducted studies shown a significant effect of surface plastic deformation of drill pipes on their technological properties and operational characteristics. In particular, it was found that microcracks and other microdefects can lead to a decrease in the strength and fatigue resistance of the pipe, as well as to a deterioration in its corrosion resistance. Conclusions. The optimal degree of surface coating of LBTN-54 and SBT-42 drill pipes, which guarantees a significant improvement in their technological properties, is close to 80%. With an optimal degree of surface plastic deformation of the material of LBTN-54 drill pipes the stiffness of their cross-section increases by 1.8 times; torsional stiffness grows by 1.3 times; damping capacity increases by 33%, and the amplitude of free vibrations decreases by an average of 1.9 times; power costs for turning them around their curved axis grow by 15%. At the optimal degree of surface plastic deformation of the SBT-42 drill pipe material the stiffness of their cross-section increases by 1.43 times; torsional stiffness grows by 1.4 times; damping capacity increases by 25%, and the amplitude of free vibrations decreases by an average of 1.75 times; power consumption for turning around its curved axis decreases by 7%. Surface plastic deformation of the LBTN-54 drill pipe material contributes to the expansion of the areas of their operation in the well in the mode of direct precession, which ensures the improvement of technical and economic indicators of drilling in difficult geological conditions.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Buglov N.A., Pushmin P.S., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the CO2-EOR method for enhanced oil recovery in the offshore Sakhalin Island field
Relevance. The need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. The introduction and optimisation of technologies to reduce carbon footprints can be a major industry initiative to address climate change. One of the most promising technologies in the oil and gas industry is the use of carbon dioxide for enhanced oil recovery. This technology allows CO2 to be used efficiently, reducing its concentration in the atmosphere while increasing oil production. Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of carbon dioxide injection as a method of enhanced oil recovery in Field X offshore Sakhalin Island. Methods. Mathematical modelling, statistical methods. As part of our study, data on CO2-EOR projects were collected from various public sources to form the basis of the analysis. Based on this data, a multivariate linear regression model was developed. Statistical methods including residual analysis and coefficient significance tests were used to verify the accuracy of the model. The validated model was used to estimate the CO2-EOR potential on the shelf of the Sea of Okhotsk. Results and conclusions. Using the developed calculation model, the influence of key parameters of the regression model on the efficiency of CO2-EOR technology was analysed. The model showed a high level of explanatory power, which was confirmed by the values of the coefficients of determination. The results showed high significance of most of the variables considered and confirmed the potential of CO2-EOR as an effective tool for achieving environmental and production goals in the oil and gas industry. The potential for enhanced oil recovery at three locations in the X field offshore Sakhalin Island was also evaluated.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Zainulin S.M., Storozheva A.E., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Low-tonnage methanol production plant with obtaining syngas by partial oxidation of natural gas with oxygen when correcting gas composition for optimal methanol synthesis
Relevance. The concept of creating low-tonnage methanol production plants is proposed. They include two main nodes: a synthesis gas production complex by non-catalytic partial oxidation of natural gas with oxygen and a methanol synthesis complex using a direct-flow multi-reactor cascade with the release of condensed methanol after each reactor. The plant can enter a chemical cluster and process methanol into useful products. Aim. Describe the technology and design the installation, determine its main indicators. Methods. Design of the plant, mathematical and numerical modeling of chemical and technological processes. Results and conclusions. The paper describes a new technological process of low-tonnage production for methanols. The main apparatus of the installation is an original small-sized syngas gas generator, which provides: high safety, reliability and maintainability; no need to use a catalyst for partial oxidation and the possibility of carrying out the process at high pressures up to 8.0 MPa, which do not require gas compression during subsequent catalytic synthesis of methanol; transportability and modularity of the installation. The paper introduces the results of numerical simulation of natural gas partial oxidation by oxygen. The authors have determined the rational modes of the process in syngas gas generator. The main parameters of the partial oxidation are: the coefficient of excess oxidizer, which should be in the range of 0.34–0.36, and the supply pressure of the components in the range of 6.0–7.0 MPa. The authors carried out the numerical simulation of the methanol synthesis without correction and with preliminary correction of the syngas composition. The data obtained allowed: calculating the degree of conversion of carbon from carbon oxides to methanol; when using a three-reactor cascade with an optimal composition of the gas mixture, the degree of conversion reaches 95%; estimating the maximum specific capacity of the installation up to 1250 kg/hour of methanol per 1000 m3/hour of natural gas and the maximum capacity of the installation up to 20000 tons of methanol per year.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Zagashvili Y.V., Kuzmin A.M., Efremov V.N., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Ayakhta gold-quartz deposit (Yenisei Ridge): formation conditions and source of fluids
Relevance. The need to establish the parameters of ore-bearing fluids of the Ayakhta gold deposit, one of the standard and large objects in the Yenisei Ridge. The data obtained can be used to develop a holistic model of gold mineralization in the region. Aim. To determine the physicochemical conditions for the formation of quartz vein zones and ore-bearing fluids source. Methods. We analyzed the ore minerals composition by micro-X-ray spectral analysis, determined the temperatures of phase transitions in fluid inclusions using the microthermometry method, determined the individual fluid inclusions composition by Raman spectroscopy. The fluid bulk composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). To establish the source of the fluid, we used isotopes of sulfur (δ34S) sulfides and carbon dioxide (δ13C) in fluid inclusions in quartz. Results and conclusions. We established that the gold-quartz vein zones formation occurred under medium temperature conditions (121–424°C) with significant pressure fluctuations (0.5–1.5 kbar). The fluid salinity was moderate (up to 25.5 wt %, NaCl-eq.). Using the GC-MS method, we detected from 178 to 286 compounds in the ore-bearing fluid, H2O and CO2 predominate among them. The share of hydrocarbons, their derivatives, S-, N- and halogenated compounds in total accounts for 7.4–22.6 rel. %. We assume that organic compounds were directly involved in the enrichment of quartz veins with gold mineralization. The isotope composition values of sulfur (+6.6…+9.5 ‰) and carbon from fluid inclusions in quartz (–12.5…–21.9 ‰) indicate a metamorphic-crustal source of fluids.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Petrova M.A., Gibsher N.A., Shaparenko E.O., Tomilenko A.A., Bulbak T.A., Sazonov A.M., Khomenko M.O., Silyanov S.A., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of conditions for drilling a new direction of a well in solid rocks with a removable deflecting complex
Relevance. Currently, in the practice of geological exploration, if the adjustments to well direction is required, the continuous action deflectors are mainly used. However, their application is fraught with certain difficulties. The time spent on lifting operations associated with the need to prepare the well for curvature, deflector descent, study of the curvature interval, etc. are significant and unproductive. The formed curvature of the well with intensity values from 1.5 degrees/m, even after working through the interval with special projectiles, leads to the risk of significant column bends and potential emergencies, especially when using a projectile with a removable core receiver, due to the impossibility of its use in wells with a curvature intensity of more than 0.1–0.3 degrees/m. The design features of the deflectors and orienting devices determine the difficulties with the correct setting and reliable fixing of the devices on the face, there are frequent cases of deviation of the curvature set plane from the design one. Taking into account the above, the development of a special technical tool that allows with high accuracy and moderate intensity of curvature making operational adjustments to the direction of wells without lifting the drilling column using the removable core receiver complex is an urgent and demanding task. Aim. To assess the force effect on the rock-cutting tool during the formation of a new direction of the borehole by a removable deflecting complex; assess the influence of the side armament of the diamond tool on the trajectory of the drilled borehole; justify the optimal location of the armament on the periphery of the diamond rock-cutting tool. Object. Mechanism of formation of a new well direction during milling its wall. Methods. Collection, analysis and generalization of information about the operation of continuous action deflectors, analytical studies of force interaction in the bottomhole zone when forming a new direction of wells by milling its wall. Results. The paper introduces the estimate of the time spent on unproductive technological operations when adjusting the direction of wells using continuous action deflectors and a removable deflecting complex. The authors have described the dependence of the formed deflecting force when using a removable deflecting complex on the physico-mechanical and geometric characteristics of the tool, properties of rocks. The paper introduces the dependence to determine the optimal angle of inclination of diamond-cutting stacks to compensate the disorienting force when milling the well wall with a diamond rock-cutting tool.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Neskoromnykh V.V., Komarovsky I.A., Lysakov D.V., Golovchenko A.E., Popova M.S., Baochang L., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development and calculation of a scheme for a combined gas-steam plant with deep utilization of heat and moisture
Relevance. Saving natural gas, reducing heat and steam emissions into the environment through deep utilization of heat from exhaust gases in a waste heat boiler and heat and moisture in a condensation waste heat boiler. Aim. Development of a combined gas-steam plant scheme and its calculation methods. Objects. Combined gas-steam plant with the introduction of water vapor into the combustion chamber of a gas turbine and deep heat recovery in a waste heat boiler and a condensing heat and moisture recovery unit from the exhaust gases. Methods. Numerical methods based on material and energy balances of systems and elements of gas-steam plants. Results. The authors have developed the thermal scheme of a combined gas-steam plant with water vapor introduction into the combustion chamber of a gas turbine and deep heat recovery in a waste heat boiler and heat and moisture from exhaust gases in a condensing waste heat boiler. Rhey developed as well the algorithm for calculating this scheme. Based on this scheme the authors written the calculation program in the EXCEL spreadsheet package using the Coolprop database of functions for calculating thermodynamic and thermal physical parameters of substances. This program allows calculating indicators with changes in the outside air parameters, the fuel burned composition, the air compression degree in the compressor, the flow rate of steam introduced into the combustion chamber, the temperature of combustion products at the inlet of the gas turbine, the electrical load on the gas turbine generator, and the exhaust gases temperature at the outlet of the heat recovery unit. The paper introduces the example of the circuit calculation for one variant of the initial data. This example showed that with the given initial data, when using the heat leaving in the waste heat boiler and condensing heat recovery unit in additional Rankine cycles, it is possible to obtain, relative to the electric power of the gas turbine of 100 MW, an increase in power of 12.34 MW: of which 8.94 MW in the steam turbine and 3.40 MW in the turbine on a low-boiling working fluid. The electrical efficiency of the combined gas-steam plant was 57.68%: while the efficiency of the gas turbine was 51.35%, the efficiency of the steam turbine was 83.48% and the efficiency of the turbine on a low-boiling working fluid was 4.86%.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Galashov N.N., Boldushevsky E.S., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Vegetation coverage variation in relation to urbanization process in Vietnam
Relevance. The phenomenon of urbanization, driven by the socio-economic development requirements in various regions globally, is increasingly contributing to reductions in vegetation cover and intensifying ecological and environmental complexities. As a result, monitoring urban expansion has become indispensable for enhancing efficient urban management and facilitating planning regarding ecological and environmental issues. Aim. To assess the spatial-temporal variations in vegetation cover in Thai Nguyen City, Vietnam over the past two decades under the impacts of urbanization. Methods. The spatial-temporal changes in vegetation cover were analyzed using the maximum value composite algorithm integrated into the Google Earth Engine platform. The accuracy assessment of the applied classification method yielded high accuracy levels ranging from 91 to 94%. Results. For 2001–2023, the urban land area increased by 4024 hectares, with an average annual growth rate of 0.78%, rising from 386 hectares in 2001 to 4.410 hectares in 2023. The findings indicate a slight decrease of approximately 773 hectares in vegetation cover during 2001–2010 but a significant increase of up to 2696 hectares during 2010–2023. These findings highlight the potential risks associated with increasing urban land areas within the study area and emphasize the urgent need for appropriate measures to address this issue.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Hoang Phan H., Dang Truong A., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Modern state of the undeveloped near-surface disposal of special radioactive wastes at the epicenter of the peaceful underground nuclear explosion «Crystal» (Yakutia): evidence from electrical resistivity tomography, land geomagnetic survey and water runoff study
Relevance. Risks of the radionuclides entering the human environment. Aim. To assess the current geoecological state of the undeveloped near-surface disposal of special radioactive wastes in the form of the block-rubble artificial cover at the epicenter of the peaceful underground nuclear explosion "Crystal". Object. Due to the explosion "Crystal", carried out in 1974 in the frozen rocks at the depth of 98 m, an upthrust dome with a collapsed central part was produced at the epicenter. The central explosion area became the site of special radioactive wastes emplacement. A high content of radionuclides determined in epicenter soils exceeds the minimum activity values for solid waste. To cryogenic immobilization of radionuclides in epicenter soils and to prevent the radionuclides exit from the central explosion area, the head of the emplacement hole and the dome-shaped mound were buried under the block-rubble stone material (limestone and dolomite fragments) in 1992, and the artificial cover was topped up in 2006. An ice-soil layer of 0.6 m thick was frozen in it in 2006. Methods. Electrical resistivity tomography, land geomagnetic survey, radiometric measurements, liquid scintillation spectrometry, beta-radiometry and alpha-spectrometry with preliminary radiochemical preparation of countable samples. Results. The block-rubble artificial cover is not frozen and waterlogged. Snowmelt and rain waters seep through the cover. There is probably free air convection in the cover, which leads to the condensation of atmospheric moisture and then accumulation of water in it. Nevertheless, nowadays the migration of radionuclides with water from under the block-rubble artificial cover is characterized as low-intensity: the activity (Bq/dm3) of 3H is only 4–12, 90Sr – 0.004–0.4, 239,240Pu and 238Pu isotopes were not detected (<0.000001 Bq/dm3). According to these indicator parameters, there is currently no need in additional measures to strengthen or modify the block-rubble artificial cover.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Artamonova S.Y., Shein A.N., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Numerical simulation of the stress-strain state of pipelines ballasted with weighting materials in a swamp
Relevance. The surfaced section of a gas pipeline, ballasted with weights, in a swamp qualifies as «damaged» and must be decommissioned. Aim. To establish the effect of the weight of weighting agents on a gas pipeline ascent in a swamp. The weight depends on the concentration of moles soluble in water, changes in the values of the physico-mechanical characteristics of the soil due to its watering, and the parameters of the gas pipeline operation. Objects. Sections of a gas pipeline, ballasted with weights, in a swamp in a watered area. Methods. Modeling the stress-strain state of a gas pipeline, ballasted with weighting agents, in a swamp by a one-dimensional rod system consisting of rods and their coupling nodes; integration by the Godunov orthogonal run method of a normal system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations describing the stress-strain state of the rods and compiling a solution of systems of algebraic equilibrium equations in the coupling nodes, taking into account the impact of weighting agents on stress-strain state. Results. The paper introduces the brief information on the surfacing of gas pipelines with weights installed on them. The authors have set and solved the problem of the stress-strain state of the section of the gas pipeline consisting of the middle underwater part, ballasted with reinforced concrete weights, and the extreme flooded underground parts. The analysis of the stress-strain state of the gas pipeline established the following main reasons for its ascent: uneven unequal sedimentation of the base soil on the extreme parts, in which the pipe remains in a trench filled with soil; reducing the weight of weighting agents in water due to an increase in the specific gravity of water due to the growth of concentration of moles dissolved in water. The authors found the critical values of the operating parameters, at which the bulging of the pipe with an upward deflection arrow begins, preceding the ascent of the gas pipeline.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Zaripov R.M., Masalimov R.B., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Complex morphometric evaluation of a Jewish Autonomous Region relief by means of geographic information systems
Relevance. The relief is the basis for landscape, landscape-geochemical, soil and plant association studies, soil erosion, etc. Aim. Evaluation of the erosion hazard of the relief of the Jewish Autonomous Region. Object. Relief of the Jewish Autonomous Region. Methods. The relief was estimated on the basis of SRTM with a raster cell size of 90×90 m. Several images were combined into one with subsequent framing of the final layer by mask to highlight the study area. To calculate a complex morphometric indicator and assess the erosion hazard of the relief, a vector polygonal layer with a cell size of 1×1 km was created. Median values of surface slopes, slope exposures, maximum and minimum absolute heights for each polygonal cell were extracted directly from the digital relief model. The vertical dissection of the relief is calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum elevation of the relief above sea level. To identify the spatial differentiation of erosion, the horizontal dissection of the relief was calculated, i. e. the length of the erosion network in km per 1 km2 of the territory. A hydrological correction of the digital relief model was made and the hydro grid was restored. Using the operation "sum of distances in polygons", the values of the length of the erosion network for each polygon cell with an area of 1 km2 are calculated. The parameters of all layers are summarized in a single table, they are assigned a score, depending on the value of the indicator. The complex indicator is calculated as the sum of the scores of all indicators. Results. The author has constructed the estimated map of the erosion hazard of the relief of the Jewish Autonomous Region. It was found that a low value of erosion hazard is typical for 88.56% of the region territory, the average for 11.42%, and the share of the territory with a high value of erosion hazard is only 0.02%.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Goryukhin M.V., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Damping properties of aluminum alloy D16 to reduce the vibration activity of the electromechanical device of an oil and gas station life support system
Relevance. Ventilation and air conditioning systems of oil and gas stations contain electromechanical devices, which operation is accompanied by industrial noise and vibration. This has a negative impact on the wear of the equipment itself and on the health of the operators in the room, as the presence of noise is a harmful production factor. In this regard, reducing the vibration and acoustic activity of electromechanical devices is an urgent scientific and technical task that has attracted the attention of developers for many years. It is known that aluminum, as a structural material, combines high rigidity, strength, and the ability to dissipate energy within its volume, making its application for creating solid-state vibration dampers relevant. This work is devoted to studying the damping properties of aluminum and assessing its potential use as a vibration dampener in damping devices for electromechanical devices in life support systems of oil and gas stations. To achieve this, the authors have carried out the experimental studies of samples made from cast and foamed aluminum alloy D16 using an impact stand. Object. Samples of cast and foamed aluminum alloy D16. Aim. Experimental studies of the damping properties of cast and foamed aluminum alloy D16 to assess the possibility of its use as a damping element in the oscillators of electromechanical devices within the life support systems of oil and gas stations. Methods. Modern approaches to vibration diagnostics, computational mathematics, and measuring instruments. Results. Foamed samples, compared to the cast ones, have greater potential to dissipate the energy of disturbing vibrations from the activity of an electromechanical device and can be used as a damping element.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Gavrilin A.N., Dmitriev V.S., Ermakov D.V., Derusova D.A., Belikov R.K., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sedimentary features of terrigenous deposits (Late Aptian – Early Albian) in the northern Yamal
Relevance. The need to clarify the geological structure of Lower Cretaceous productive sediments in the northern part of the Yamal Peninsula with the ongoing N-field development. The Lower Cretaceous terrigenous deposition is characterized by a heterogeneous geology and lithofacies variability which specify the geological features and extent of the productive strata. The conducted lithofacial studies determine the depositional environment and specific features of sedimentary sequence changes in time and space, reveal the change succession of different facies as well as extent both formation and seals within the geological sections and the field area. Aim. To reconstruct depositional environments and analyzing lithofacies variability of the Lower Cretaceous productive strata originated from the Late Aptian – Early Albian period (TP1 and KhM3 formations). Methods. Geological interpretation of geophysical log data, lithofacies and ichnofacial analysis. Results and conclusions. The core analysis and geophysical log data have revealed geological composition, structure-texture features, sediment composition, depositional environments. Facies were described; vertical and lateral facies variability were identified. It was stated that in the Late Aptian – Early Albian period the sedimentation was due to oscillatory seafloor movements in the northern part of the Yamal Peninsula. The section indicates the alternating transgressive and regressive sediment sequences. In the Late Aptian period, the terrigenous deposits of the Tanopchin Formation (TP1 stratum) were accumulated due to marine transgression within the foreshore, shoreface and transitional zones of the shallow-marine beach. In the Early Albian period, the sequence formation between TP1 and KhM3 productive strata, composed of silty-clayey and clayey sediments accumulated within the far beach zone and the shelf remote from the shore, was associated with the maximum seafloor subsidence. The KhM3 stratum was formed as the seashore regression increased within the far, transitional, shoreface and foreshore beach zones. Sandy material is genetically related to the ridge, central and slope parts and transgressive and regressive bar bottoms of the foreshore and shoreface, silty material is related to the transitional and far beach zones, clayey sediments are related to the deepened seabed areas of the far beach zone and the offshore shelf.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Nedolivko N.M., Perevertaylo T.G., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Forecasting the operation of an industrial vacuum distillate hydrotreating unit using a mathematical model
Relevance. Current trends in processing heavy oil with high sulfur content and tightening environmental fuel requirements necessitate hydrocarbon feedstock purification from harmful components such as sulfur. One of the processes for upgrading medium and heavy oil fractions is hydrotreating. Due to the high importance of the hydrotreating in modern oil refining, the use of mathematical models is critically important in the design of new units, optimization of existing ones, and development of catalysts. Aim. This work is devoted to forecasting the operation of an industrial vacuum gas oil hydrotreating unit with a change in the composition of the feedstock and the main control parameters using a mathematical model. Methods. Liquid adsorption chromatography method using the Gradient M unit to determine the composition of vacuum gas oil, gas-liquid chromatography method using the Crystal 2000 M chromatograph to determine the content of sulfur-containing compounds in vacuum gas oil, cryoscopy method in benzene to determine the molecular weight, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry method to determine total sulfur in vacuum gas oil, pycnometer method for measuring density, quantum chemical research method implemented in the Gaussian program for determining the thermodynamic characteristics of reactions, method of mathematical modeling of chemical-engineering processes Results. The authors have proposed a 12-component mathematical model of the vacuum distillate hydrotreating. The model takes into account most of the reactions of hydrogenolysis, hydrogenation and hydrocracking of heteroorganic compounds, gas–liquid and liquid–solid mass transfer, as well as the effect of catalyst deactivation with coke on its activity. Based on the results of calculations performed using the mathematical model, it can be concluded that the model of the vacuum gas oil hydrotreating reliably reproduces the dependence of the residual sulfur content in the product on changes in the main control parameters of the industrial vacuum distillate hydrotreating unit.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Arkenova S.B., Ivashkina E.N., Gritsenko E.F., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Dynamics of particulate load and chemical composition of snow cover in the area of thermal power and coke chemistry enterprises (case for the city of Kemerovo)
Relevance. The necessity to investigate aerotechnogenic pollution around coal-fired thermal power and coke-chemical processing plant, which are one of the main sources of particulate matter emissions into the environment. Aim. To assess the eco-geochemical conditions of the area around the thermal power station and coke-chemical processing plant based on long-term observations (2016–2023) of particulate load levels and the chemical composition of the particulate phase of snow cover (the case of Kemerovo). Objects. The particulate phase of the snow cover formed by atmospheric precipitation in the area of pollutant transfer at a distance of up to 4.5 km from the studied plants. Methods. Snow geochemical survey; instrumental neutron activation analysis; atomic absorption spectrometry; statistical analysis. Results. The particulate load level ranges from allowable (≤250 mg/(m2*day)) to moderately hazardous (250–450 mg/(m2*day)) during the study period. A correlation exists between particulate load and meteorological factors, with increased loads linked to higher humidity, precipitation, and lower wind speeds in winter. The particulate load is statistically lower within 1 km (≈245 mg/(m2*day)), while levels rise to 381 mg/(m2*day) between 1.5 and 4.5 km, effected by natural and anthropogenic factors. The snow cover particulate phase shows high Ba, La, Sm, Tb, Yb, U concentration (over 10 times background levels), while Ca, Sc, Sr, Cs, Ce, Nd, Hf, Ta, Hg concentration are 2–10 times above background. This indicates hazardous pollution levels in 2016 and 2022 and moderately hazardous level in 2023. The concentrations of these elements remained unchanged throughout the study period, which allows them to be used as markers for the particulate phases of the snow cover in this area. Interestingly, it was found that the formation of geochemical specifics in particulate snow cover is related to coal composition, fly ash composition, fuel consumption volume, and meteorological factors.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Novikova V.D., Talovskaya A.V., Yazikov E.G., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The decomposition possibility of vietnamese monazite concentrate by the pressure alkali method
The authors have studied the decomposition of monazite concentrate by alkali. They investigated the necessary decomposition conditions such as temperature, time, particle size and the ratio between alkali and monazite concentrate by mass (wt/wt). The decomposition is best performed at >140°C, within 8 hours, the required alkali and monazite concentrate ratio was 1,4/1, the ore particle size needs to be smaller than 48 μ m . The decomposition efficiency was also only about 70%. If the desired recovery efficiency was higher than 90%, the alkali/concentrate ratio by mass needed to be at least 4/1, resulting in a large amount of residual alkali. To improve this process, the authors studied the decomposition of monazite concentrate by alkali under pressure. The monazite was taken from Ham Tan deposit. The effecting parameters such as temperature, time, ratio between NaOH/concentrate by mass and particle size of the concentrate were investigated. The results showed that, under the effect of pressure, decomposition occurs faster, more thoroughly and decomposition efficiency increases. The suitable temperature for concentrate decomposition was from 180 to 210°C, corresponding to a pressure of 4 to 7 at. The decomposition time was also reduced to 2 hours and the particle size of the concentrate was also larger to 55 μ m with 70% alkali and ratio of alkali/concentrate was 1/1. The decomposition efficiency of rare earth elements reached 95%, while under the same conditions, U was 50% and Th was 77%. When the reaction time increased, the efficiency of rare earth elements decomposition did not change much, but the decomposition efficiency of radioactive elements tended to increase. For particle sizes >55 μ m , the process efficiency decreased sharply, and changes in reaction conditions were needed to increase the decomposition efficiency.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Le H.S., Luu X.D., Nguyen D.V., Bui C.T., Karelin V.A., Smorokov A.A., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Combustion of composite fuel from coal and sawdust
Relevance. In the last decade, the problem of the necessity of utilizing large volumes of both non-design coal and coal waste, as well as waste of the wood processing industry at existing thermal power plants has become increasingly urgent. The solution of this problem expanded the research area of dispersed combustible materials combustion issues, making the study of joint combustion of low-metamorphosed power coals, coal waste and wood processing waste, as requirements for rational utilization of industrial waste. Aim. To study the composite fuel combustion from coal and sawdust based on the experimental technique and methodology for analyzing video files of air suspension ignition in the form of graphical visualization of combustion. Methods. Based on the methodology for studying the combustion of air suspension and the methodology for analyzing video files of air suspension ignition in the form of graphical visualization of combustion, the combustion of composite fuel from coal and sawdust is studied. Results and conclusions. The authors have studied the combustion of composite fuel air suspension from long-flame coal of Kuznetsk deposit and wood (pine) sawdust during their separate grinding and joint combustion. They obtained the graphic visualization of intensity of explosive combustion of coal air suspension and sawdust in reaction volume from time of process flow. It was found that the studied fuel composition can have sufficient and even slightly excessive quantity of volatile components, which makes fuel-oxidizer system react during combustion by forming the second combustion peak. It was found that the most effective use in fuel composite is the following ratio of components: coal – 70%, sawdust – 30%. Effective coefficient of excess fuel is defined as α=1.
Declaração de direitos autorais © Sechin A.I., Patrakov Y.F., Mezentseva I.L., Sechin A.A., 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0