Analysis of the cellular immunity status in patients with pathological placentation

AIM: The study aimed to investigate the cellular immunity in patients with placental disposition.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study analyzed birth histories and clinical and laboratory parameters of 10 patients with placental disposition. The cellular immunity status was determined by analyzing lymphocytes with a cluster of differentiation (CD), including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+56, CD3-СD8+, TNK, and CD38+8+. Obtained data were analyzed statistically.

RESULTS: Patients were 32.0 (29.0; 36.0) years old. As regards reproductive history, 60.0% had a history of three pregnancies, 20% had two pregnancies, 10% had their first pregnancy, and 10% had their fourth pregnancy. Moreover, placenta dispositions most often occurred at the second pregnancy in 70.0%, at the third pregnancy in 20.0%, and first pregnancy in 10%. In terms of cell immunity in comparison with normal indicators, the relative number of natural killer cells (CD16+56+), including activated CD3-СD8+, tended to increase. A relative increase in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (СD8+) was found against the background of lower number of T-helper cells, along with general immunodeficiency (immunoregulatory index in the absolute number of women was less than 1.5).

CONCLUSIONS: Further investigation of cellular immunity in women with placental pathology is relevant to detect additional pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of obstetric complications.