ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF THE BACTERIA ISOLATES OBTAINED FROM THE PATIENTS WITH DIABETES AND HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN CARDIOSURGICAL HOSPITAL

Abstract. The study was performed in the Perm Krai Clinical Hospital N 2 “Heart Institute”. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility in isolates from patients with diabetes mellitus and HIV-infected patients. In all groups involved in the study (patients with diabetes mellitus, patients with HIV infection, and control group) the predomination of the Gram-positive species have been revealed. This fact is typical for surgical departments. More isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were found in the group of HIV-infected patients compared to patients in the control group (20.6% vs 4.6%, p = 0.02, respectively). Oxacillin resistance rate in Staphylococcus aureus was higher in the group of HIV-infected patients than in patients from the control group. Significant differences in Staphylococcus epidermidis resistance rate between HIV-infected patients and patients in the control group were detected for oxacillin (60% vs 10%, p = 0.03, respectively). It is plausible that in the group of immunocompromised patients vancomycin might be recommended for empiric therapy of infections caused by gram-positive species. The Enterococcus faecalis was more often isolated from HIV-infected patients in compare with patients from the control group (34.5% vs 13.8%, p = 0.02), probably due to severe immunodeficiency in the late stages of HIV infection. The absence of significant differences in resistance rate in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphilococcus epidermidis between patients with diabetes and patients in the control group could be considered as important. This fact might be associated with judicious control of glycemia during the pre-, intra-, and postoperative time periods. Postoperative pyoinflammatory diseases remain serious obstacle for the progress in cardiosurgery. Consequently, it’s important to know the characteristics of the microflora, colonizing the patients.