Ecological Adaptation of Agricultural Land Use Under Climate Change in the Republic of Buryatia

Resumo

Based on an analysis of climatic indices from the meteorological stations of the Republic of Buryatia for the period of 1970–2015, temperature trends and the dynamics of changes in the amount of precipitation were revealed for different regions of the republic. General climate warming, reduced precipitation, and an increase in the annual amplitudes of climatic indices are noted; regions with equal dynamics of the relationship between mean annual temperatures and precipitation amount are identified. The spontaneous adaptation of the crop area and structure to the changing conditions, as well as the number and structure of grazing livestock, is ascertained. The main directions in the systematic adaptation of agricultural environmental management in accordance with climate changes are formulated: optimization of cultivated land use, possibilities of irrigation, the development of traditional animal breeding based on small farms with the most adaptive cattle grazing.