Vol 17, No 4 (2025)

Background. This article examines the phenomenon of modern art in the context of the loss of traditional semantic structures and the formation of new paradigms of artistic perception. The study revealed the mechanisms of the impact of desemanticized art on the recipient's consciousness and its role in shaping the worldview of a modern person. The work is a comprehensive study examining the transformation of aesthetic categories in the context of postmodern culture and the digital revolution.

The purpose of the work is to describe the ways and vectors of the impact of modern desemantized art on human consciousness and its role in the formation of ideological attitudes.

Methods. Philosophical reflection plays a dominant role in the research. This is due to the very nature of the object under study, aesthetic consciousness, which is not an empirical fact, but a complex philosophical construct. Philosophical reflection ensures its conceptualization, generalization and interpretation within a single model, as well as in determining the transformation of the status of art in the modern world. This method made it possible not only to describe the observed processes, but also to fit them into a broad historical and philosophical context, setting a coordinate system for interpreting empirical material. Phenomenological analysis was used as a tool for direct investigation of the act of aesthetic perception itself. His task was to capture exactly how the loss of meaning occurs in the viewer's experience. 

Results. The study concluded that modern art, freed from conventional semantics, acquires the ability to more directly affect the mental structures of a person, forming new models of aesthetic perception and ideological guidelines. The results of the work are of significant value for the field of art education and aesthetic education, namely the development of specific pedagogical techniques and curricula aimed at developing students' skills of critical reflection and analysis of artistic expression. The analysis of desemantization processes provides a tool for expert evaluation of art projects.

Background. The article presents a lexical and semantic analysis of the toponymy of the Erzya village of Novye Sosny in the Klyavlinsky district of the Samara region and its surroundings. Twenty toponymic units are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, and elements of the toponymic space under study are being compared with the corresponding elements of other place-names spaces in Erzya-Mordovian, the Samara Trans-Volga region, as well as other territories of the Erzya-Mordovian settlement.

Purpose. To introduce new data on Erzya-Mordovian toponymy into scientific circulation, to carry out a lexico-semantic analysis of place-names common among the Erzya-Mordovian population of the village of Novye Sosny of the Klyavlinsky district of the Samara region.

Materials and methods. The author's field materials collected during the 2019 expedition to the Erzya-Mordovian villages of the Klyavlinsky district of the Samara region. The materials collected in the Samara, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk and Penza regions during 2015-2025 are used for comparative analysis. The study used elements of lexical-semantic and comparative analysis of the collected place-names and other lexical units.

Results. The main characteristic features of the place-names space under study are revealed, which define it as typical among similar spaces of the Erzya-Mordovian villages of the Trans-Volga region. The specific features of this space include some features of the local geographical place-names lexicon.

Background. Modern pedagogy is facing the challenges of modern times related to the conditions of information overload of students, which determines the need to find new teaching methods and explain the effectiveness of existing ones. The methods of brain research developed in recent decades make it possible to apply neuroscience data in pedagogy today, explaining the principles of functioning of different parts of the brain and higher mental functions of a person in their relationship with the learning process. The authors prove that the use of neurodidactic techniques in teaching, and in particular teaching foreign languages, increases the effectiveness of teaching and contributes to the long-term results.

Purpose – analysis of the expediency and effectiveness of the use of neurodidactic techniques in teaching foreign languages.

Materials and methods. To solve the tasks set in the work, various methods of analysis were used: observation, description and the comparative method. The article is based on the analysis of exercises based on the principles of neurodidactics and used in German language classes in the first and second year groups of Volgograd State University (pedagogical education with two training profiles (English and German).

Results. Emerging at the intersection of neuroscience, such as neuroscience, neurophysiology, neuropsychology and pedagogy, neurodidactics allows for a fresh look at the pedagogical experience available to teachers today and explains its achievements and failures. The information accumulated over several decades about the principles of functioning of different parts of the brain and higher mental functions of humans is now supported by modern methods of brain research that allow us to observe the learning process directly during their visualization. The principles of neurodidactics based on the data obtained determine the application of neurodidactic teaching methods, in particular in foreign language classes. The most effective and convenient to use were such neurodidactic techniques as alternation, interval repetition and extraction practice, which were already in the arsenal of reform educators before the advent of neuroscience data, but were explained and carefully developed only within the framework of neurodidactics.

Background. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the intensity of economic and trade relations in the agricultural sector between Russia and its partner countries. This trend has led to a surge in scientific and academic exchanges, necessitating the development of English versions of agricultural university websites with accurately translated specialized terminology.

Purpose. The article presents an analysis of English versions of university websites to identify problems and inaccuracies in the translation of specialized terminology, propose optimal translation solutions, and develop practical recommendations.

Materials and methods. The study is based on the English versions of websites from four Russian agricultural universities.

Results. The analysis results revealed that translating terminology presents certain difficulties, which stem from differences in the educational systems of Russia and other countries, as well as the presence on agricultural university websites of terms from the field of higher education, general scientific terms, and highly specialized terms from the field of agriculture. The lack of terminological uniformity leads to errors and inaccuracies in translation, particularly in the incorrect choice of a translation technique or the parallel use of different English terms with the same meaning. The study concludes that the most frequent methods for translating terminological phrases are calquing with a change in word order and part of speech, and the use of equivalents for single-component terms.

Practical implications. The research findings will contribute to developing unified standards for translating specialized terminology in agricultural education. Additionally, they will prove valuable for students in translation studies, professional translators working in this field, as well as the staff of international departments.

Background. The body, as a universal mediator of cultural experience, plays a key role in the formation of linguistic and social norms. Proverbs and sayings encapsulate a linguistic community’s collective wisdom and cultural models, where bodily metaphors act as carriers of cultural meanings. However, comparative studies of embodiment in the paremias of Russian, English, and Japanese linguocultures remain scarce, despite their significance for understanding cultural specificity and intercultural dialogue. This study addresses this gap by offering a cross-cultural analysis of body-part vocabulary as a system of cultural codes.

Purpose. The research aims to identify and compare bodily metaphors in Russian, English, and Japanese paremias, as well as to determine their role in representing key cultural values. The objective is to construct a “somatic cartography”, i.e., a model linking body parts to cultural concepts across the three linguocultures.

Materials and methods. The study is based on a corpus of 150 paremias for each language, selected from authoritative lexicographic sources (The Large Dictionary of Russian Proverbs, Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs, Kotowaza of Japanese Proverbs). The following methods were applied: semantic analysis to classify body-part vocabulary; cultural hermeneutics to interpret metaphors within the context of traditions; and concept mapping to visualize the connections between bodily images and cultural meanings.

Results. Russian paremias emphasize the “heart” as a symbol of emotionality, the “head” for rationality, and “hands” for the value of labor. English paremias frequently use the “eye” to convey moral judgments, the “heart” for family values, and the “back” as a metaphor for betrayal, reflecting individualism. Japanese paremias highlight the “abdomen” 「腹」 (hara) as the center of emotional restraint, the “eyes” 「目」 (me) for social perception, and the “hands” 「手」 (te) for interaction, which correlates with ideas of harmony and collectivism. A universal pattern was the use of the “heart” as a symbol of emotions; however, culture-specific concepts demonstrate unique models of emotionality. The results of the study can be applied in language teaching, intercultural communication, and translation studies to overcome semantic lacunae. The proposed “somatic cartography” model serves as a tool for analyzing cultural codes in anthropology and ethnolinguistics.

Background. This article examines the types and specific features of the most well-known German linguistic corpora as tools for studying the German language. The corpora are described to inform the scientific community about the opportunities they offer. The objectives of the study include: description of the electronic portals, their structure, where these German corpora are hosted; presentation of the data – text base and volume, as well as their structure. The conditions and capabilities of linguistic search in these resources are also discussed. The history of the appearance of the first corpus is mentioned, its modern definition is given. There are a review of the scientific literature about the use of corpus data in linguistics and related sciences too.

Purpose. The description of the volume, structure, and features of German-language corpora, as well as the possibilities of automating the process of extracting material taking into account the needs of researchers.

Materials and methods. The material for the study are German-language electronic resources, two of which are examined in detail: the electronic dictionary of the German language – Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (DWDS) and the corpora of the Institute of the German Language – IDS-Korpora: Corpora of Written Language, (LIMAS), the DeReKo project and COSMAS II, Datenbank für Gesprochenes Deutsch (DGD). The paper also references the NEGRA project, a special corpus of the University of Saarbrücken in the Federal State of Saarland, and the Deutscher Wortschatz (German Vocabulary) – corpus dictionary project of the University of Leipzig. The primary research method is structural and descriptive. Quantitative indicators were used to describe and present the data.

Results. Along with the corpora descriptions, the authors present recommendations on the application areas of each German-language resource and the automated search and processing tools available on its portal. The descriptions also mention the volume, structure, and features of the linguistic markup supported by the corpora, which determines the specifics of the extracted material. The authors emphasize the potential of using corpus tools for linguists to test their hypotheses and process empirical data.