Жизнестойкость и стратегии адаптации итальянских кооперативов к пандемии COVID-19

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Третий сектор, как и экономика в целом, серьезно пострадал от пандемии COVID-19. Некоторые его представители оказались устойчивее и адаптивнее, экономически и инновационно эффективнее в ситуации кризиса, чем другие игроки. Такие свойства продемонстрировали и итальянские некоммерческие организации (НКО), использующие кооперативную бизнес-модель. Сравнение бизнес-моделей, структур управления и систем организации работы социальных кооперативов с другими НКО, а также обследование, выполненное по окончании вспышки пандемии в итальянском регионе Марке, позволили эмпирически подтвердить жизнестойкость (resilience) третьего сектора, гибкость его реакции на неожиданные шоки. В кризисной ситуации кооперативам лучше удается сохранить человеческий капитал и они реже прибегают к увольнениям, чем другие НКО.Главными институциональными характеристиками, обеспечивающими устойчивость кооперативов и создание ими сервисных инноваций, выступают участие сотрудников в управлении и принятии решений и гибкие механизмы организации работы. Их стабилизирующая и ацикличная роль компенсирует провалы в предложении, порожденные сбоями в работе других секторов в кризисный период — частного, некоммерческого и государственного.

Об авторах

Эрманно Тортиа

Университет Тренто

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: ermanno.tortia@unitn.it
5 Via Vigilio Inama, 38122 Trento (TN), Italy

Роберта Троизи

Университет Салерно

Email: rtroisi@unisa.it
132 Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy

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