Sensitivity of Digestive Glycosidases to Heavy Metals in Roach Rutilus rutilus (L.) Yearlings: The Consequences of Hypogeomagnetic Conditions During Early Ontogenesis

Abstract

The effect of exposure to hypogeomagnetic conditions (HMCs) during roach Rutilus rutilus (L.) early development (embryos and prelarvae) on the activity of digestive glycosidase (maltase and amylolytic activity) and the in vitro sensitivity of the digestive glycosidase to ions of heavy metals (Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺ + Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Pb²⁺ + Cd²⁺) in yearlings have been studied. The sensitivity of starch-hydrolyzing enzymes to all studied metals (at a concentration of 25 mg/L) and the sensitivity of maltase to Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ have increased in the fish preexposed to HMCs at stages of embryos or prelarvae. The sensitivity of maltase to Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ + Cd²⁺ has increased in the fish preexposed to HMCs only as embryos. The combined effects of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ (1 : 1) or Pb²⁺ + Cd²⁺ (1 : 1) on the activity of intestinal glycosidases in the fish exposed to HMCs are less pronounced than the sum effects observed in separate tests with these ions.