Parameters of oxidative balance and cholesterol metabolism in muscle tissue during prolonged restriction of motor activity

Actuality. The leading role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in hypokinesia is performed by disorders of oxidative balance and lipid metabolism. Especially important are studies of metabolic disorders at subcellular level.

The aim of the study is to investigate oxidative balance and cholesterol metabolism in muscle tissue under motor activity restriction of different duration.

Material and methods. Comprehensive investigation of free radical oxidation parameters (diene conjugates, ТBA contents, intensity of chemiluminescence), antioxidant protection (total antioxidant activity, antiradical activity) and cholesterol metabolism in heart muscle and thigh muscle tissues of white male rats under movement restriction during up to 28 days, which was achieved by placing animals in individual 40 cm² cells.

Results. The patterns of metabolic changes in the muscle tissue depending on the duration of motor activity restriction were established in the form of free radical oxidation intensification, reduction of antioxidant protection resources and increase of cholesterol content in the heart muscle. These metabolic changes were expressed most prominently on the 14^th to 21^st days of the experiment. In addition to violations of the oxidant balance, a specific feature of changes in cholesterol content in the thigh muscle was a wave-like change of this index in the form of an increase on the 7^th day of the experiment, followed by a decrease with minimal values on the 21^st day of the experiment.

Conclusion. Decrease in antioxidant protection resources and intensification of free-radical oxidation reactions constitute one of the leading mechanisms of metabolic disturbances in restricting motor activity, which is confirmed by significant changes of the studied indicators. Comprehensive study of the indicators characterizing the processes of free-radical oxidation, antioxidant protection and cholesterol content is an informative criterion of the effects of hypokinesia on the body, and the obtained data allow the inclusion of antioxidants in the complex prevention and therapy in forced limitation of motor activity.