Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation
Peer-review quarterly medical journal.
Editor-in-chief
- Sergey N. Puzin
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1030-8319
Journal founders
- Izdatelstvo "Meditsyna"
- Eco-Vector Publishing Group
Publisher
- Eco-Vector Publishing Group
WEB: https://eco-vector.com/
About
The journal is intended for practitioners and specialists involved in disability issues.
It covers the following topics:
- theoretical and practical aspects of prevention and prevalence of disability;
- medical and social evaluation;
- medical, vocational, and social rehabilitation of people with disabilities;
- legal, regulatory, and economic issues relating to disability;
- the training of, and refresher courses for, specialists from institutions for medical and social evaluation;
- and rehabilitation of people with disabilities.
The journal disseminates information on the current state and future of Russia’s social policy for people with disabilities, the practices of Russian regional and territorial agencies working in the field of social protection, and modern approaches to solving the problems of disabled people in other countries. Special attention is devoted to original research focused on new promising methods of diagnosis and treatment of disabling conditions.
Types of accepted articles
- reviews
- systematic reviews and metaanalyses
- original research
- clinical case reports and series
- letters to the editor
- short communications
- clinical practice guidelines
Publications
- in English and Russian
- quarterly, 4 issues per year
- continuously in Online First
- with Article Submission Charge (ASC)
- distribution in hybrid mode - by subscription and/or Open Access
(OA articles with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0))
Indexation
- Russian Science Citation Index (Web of Science)
- Russian Science Electronic Library (eLibrary.ru)
- Google Scholar
- Ulrich's Periodicals directory
- WorldCat
- Crossref
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卷 28, 编号 2 (2025)
- 年: 2025
- 文章: 5
- URL: https://ogarev-online.ru/1560-9537/issue/view/24361
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/MSER.282
ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLE
Analysis of treatment outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer in the context of medical and social assessment
摘要
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer ranks third in incidence among all malignant neoplasms both worldwide and in the Russian Federation. In both international and Russian scientific sources, there are few publications addressing the use of laparoscopic technologies and the outcomes of colorectal cancer treatment in the context of medical and social assessment.
AIM: The work aimed to analyze the results of medical and social assessment in patients with colorectal cancer after laparoscopically assisted surgeries.
METHODS: Data from the official statistical reporting form No. 7 for 2020–2024 on the activities of federal medical and social assessment institutions in the Samara region were used. The study included 192 patients who underwent laparoscopically assisted interventions for rectal cancer in medical organizations in Samara. Statistical methods and data extraction techniques were applied.
RESULTS: Among patients with colorectal cancer after laparoscopically assisted surgeries, medical and social assessment determined group I disability in 40 cases (20.8%), group II in 100 (52.1%), group III in 48 (25.0%), and 4 patients (2.1%) were not recognized as disabled. Permanent disability status was granted to 47 patients (24.5%), including 13 patients (27.6%) with group I disability, 17 (36.2%) with group II, and 17 (36.2%) with group III.
CONCLUSION: Following laparoscopically assisted surgeries for rectal cancer, 97.9% of patients are assigned disability status, with groups II and I accounting for 75.0% of cases. These findings substantiate the need to develop individualized rehabilitation and habilitation programs for disabled patients.
65-70
Features of assessing mental and behavioral disorders in juvenile offenders at a temporary detention center
摘要
BACKGROUND: The increase in juvenile delinquency necessitates the development of comprehensive rehabilitation methods as a preventive measure in situations where there are no specialized professionals on the staff of temporary detention centers for juvenile offenders.
AIM: The work aimed to assess mental function disorders and activity limitations in juveniles held in a temporary detention center for juvenile offenders.
METHODS: The study included the analysis of 77 documentation units; a survey of 259 juveniles aged 14 and older, including offenders; and examinations by a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team, incorporating diagnostic and pedagogical interviews, physical examinations, standardized scales, and experimental–psychological testing. The duration was from 2019 to 2023. A composite rehabilitation profile of a juvenile offender was developed.
RESULTS: Mental and behavioral disorders accounted for 9.0% of the pathological morbidity profile and 37.9% of hospitalizations. Juveniles were under psychiatric (22.2%) or narcological (14.8%) supervision; 51.8% reported alcohol use, and 14.8% reported drug use. Reported complaints included panic attacks (33.3%), psychomotor agitation (18.5%), dyssomnias (22.2%), and suicide attempts (7.8%). Observed disorders included impairments in volitional and motivational functions (78.4%), temperament and personality (62.8%), sleep functions (59.8%), attention (57.0%), and emotions (54.1%); perception disorders (15.6%); and cognitive (29.8%) and intellectual (32.8%) impairments; rs = 0.713. Emotional issues included anxiety (46.6%), aggressiveness (54.6%), low stress tolerance (18.2%), emotional coldness (9.1%), or heightened empathy (27.3%); intelligence was at an average level in 51.9% and above average in 40.4%, with intellectual disability in 7.7%; rs = 0.713. School learning ability was limited (78.1%). Difficulties were noted in coping with stress (100.0%), decision-making (81.8%), problem-solving (72.7%), and maintaining daily routines (54.5%); rs = 0.801. Social disintegration was linked to limitations in organizing leisure (100%), health care (72.8%), and self-care (15.3%); rs = 0.722. Communication limitations included understanding spoken language (36.3%), expressive speech (27.1%), ability to conduct conversations (36.3%) and discussions (45.4%), and maintaining formal (27.7%), friendly (27.7%), and family (81.8%) relationships; rs = 0.737.
CONCLUSION: Juvenile offenders are typically characterized by moderate impairments of mental functions, which lead to impairments in adaptation and social integration of adolescents.
71-80
Impact of sarcopenic obesity on the clinical characteristics of older patients with visual impairment
摘要
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia and obesity, collectively referred to as sarcopenic obesity, are associated with decreased functional activity and mobility, as well as an increased risk of falls and fractures. However, the clinical characteristics and geriatric syndromes in older patients with visual impairment and sarcopenic obesity have not been previously studied.
AIM: The work aimed to investigate the impact of sarcopenic obesity on the clinical characteristics and geriatric syndromes of older patients with visual impairment.
METHODS: The study examined 203 older adults with sarcopenic obesity and visual impairment. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity in the same visually impaired patient, characterized by both increased body fat and loss of muscle mass. Obesity was assessed by a body mass index of ≥30.0 kg/m2, and sarcopenia was evaluated according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People scale. Assessment tools included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), ADL, IADL, and CES-D scales. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).
RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 51.7%. Older adults with visual impairment who lived alone were more likely to have sarcopenic obesity compared to patients aged 60–74 years with visual impairment but without sarcopenic obesity (52.0 ± 1.2 vs 35.1 ± 1.5 percent). The incidence of cognitive impairment was also higher in older patients with both visual impairment and sarcopenic obesity. Sarcopenic obesity influenced the development of geriatric frailty syndrome, the frequency of falls, and reductions in basic and instrumental activities of daily living among patients aged 60–74 years with visual impairment. The body mass index of older patients with both visual impairment and sarcopenic obesity averaged 32.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2, confirming the presence of the condition.
CONCLUSION: Sarcopenic obesity affects the geriatric status of older patients with visual impairment. From a gerontoprophylactic standpoint, these patients require more careful and continuous monitoring by gerontologists, geriatricians, and ophthalmologists.
81-87
Cognitive reserve among elderly patients with traumatic brain injury
摘要
BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is damage to the brain caused by an external mechanical force, leading to temporary or permanent impairment of brain function and associated with deficits in information processing speed, attention, memory, speech, visuospatial perception, and executive functions. Cognitive reserve is defined as inherited or acquired mental skills that provide higher cognitive adaptability and protect against the effects of brain aging, diseases, or injuries; however, it remains insufficiently studied in patients with TBI.
AIM: The work aimed to examine the characteristics of cognitive reserve in elderly patients with traumatic brain injury.
METHODS: Fifty-seven individuals aged 60–74 years with TBI and 60 patients of the same age without brain injury were examined. Cognitive reserve was assessed using the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire, which includes questions on education, occupational activity, and leisure time. Mental status was evaluated using the MoCA and MMSE scales.
RESULTS: Comparison between elderly TBI patients and age-matched controls showed that the overall cognitive reserve index was higher in the control group. Among 60–74-year-old TBI patients, the cognitive reserve index was significantly higher in those with mild TBI and lowest in those with severe TBI (p < 0.001). Positive correlations were found between “driving a car” (r = 0.315, p < 0.05) and “use of modern technologies” (r = 0.300, p < 0.05) in elderly patients without trauma. At the same time, these characteristics were negatively correlated with moderate TBI (r = −0.273, p < 0.05 and r = −0.404, p < 0.05, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Cognitive reserve makes a substantial contribution to the clinical profile of TBI in older age. The results demonstrated that cognitive reserve is associated with TBI severity, with more severe injuries corresponding to a lower cognitive reserve index.
89-97
Review
Modern approaches to the management of early rehabilitation period after ischemic stroke
摘要
Ischemic stroke is a form of acute cerebrovascular accident in which the underlying pathogenesis is an occlusion of the head or neck arteries supplying the brain, leading to ischemia and, consequently, to the death of cortical areas and the development of focal neurological deficits. This condition remains one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. According to recent statistics, approximately 16.9 million new cases of ischemic stroke are reported annually, and this figure continues to grow, particularly due to the increasing life expectancy of the population. This review analyzes modern approaches to managing the early rehabilitation period after ischemic stroke. The authors examine the pathophysiological foundations of the early recovery period, including the role of neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and interhemispheric cortical reorganization. Special attention is paid to innovative rehabilitation methods such as robotic technologies, transcranial magnetic stimulation, virtual reality, and cell therapy. The review evaluates the effectiveness of these methods based on randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses. The results demonstrate significant improvements in functional outcomes with the early initiation of rehabilitation programs and the combined use of traditional and innovative techniques.
99-112