АСТРОЦИТЫ И ПЛАСТИЧНОСТЬ СИНАПСОВ. ЧАСТЬ I. СИНАПТОГЕННЫЕ МОЛЕКУЛЫ


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Высокий уровень пластичности мозга определяется преимущественно поведением синапсов, которые могут изменять свою структуру, функциональную активность, формироваться вновь или исчезать в течение всего жизненного цикла. С синапсами тесно связаны перисинаптические отростки астроцитов, которые индуцируют образование, консолидируют структуру и поддерживают функцию синапсов, а также участвуют в их элиминации. Астроциты продуцируют множество синаптогенных молекул, которые связываются с нейронами и контролируют синаптическую пластичность. В обзоре рассмотрены молекулярные аспекты нарушений механизмов взаимодействия астроцитов с синапсами, имеющих решающее значение в патогенезе ряда когнитивных нарушений.

Об авторах

Вадим Николаевич Швалев

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии

Email: vadim.shvalev@mail.ru
121552, г. Москва, 3-я Черепковская, д. 15А

Александр Алексеевич Сосунов

Колумбийский университет

Email: aas190@cumc.columbia.edu
Нью-Йорк, 10032, США

Юрий Александрович Челышев

Казанский государственный медицинский университет

Email: chelyshev-kzn@yandex.ru
420012, г. Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49

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