Homogeneous Equilibrium in Solutions with Limited Solubility of Components

The equilibrium position of a homogeneous reversible chemical reaction in solutions in the case when at least one component is of limited solubility in the reaction mixture differs from the state when all components are unlimitedly soluble. Calculations of the minimum Gibbs energy in the model of extremely dilute solutions, according to Le Chatelier’s principle allow formulating the rule: if all other things being equal and unaltered, an increase in the solubility of a component in the reaction mixture shifts the position of homogeneous equilibrium towards an increase in its content. The results obtained can be generalized to the kinetics of reactions in terms of the influence of solvents. The theoretical foundations of a new lever for optimization of chemical processes were developed.