Новая коронавирусная инфекция COVID-19: экстрапульмональные проявления

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Новая коронавирусная инфекция COVID-19 в превалирующем большинстве случаев манифестирует респираторными симптомами и лихорадкой, однако у некоторых пациентов могут отмечаться сердечно-сосудистые и гастроэнтерологические проявления. Особенностью клинического синдрома COVID-19 является развитие выраженных иммунопатологических реакций и нарушений гемостаза, ведущее к широкому спектру сердечно-сосудистых осложнений. Течение COVID-19 может осложниться развитием острого инфаркта миокарда, венозных и артериальных тромбозов и тромбоэмболий в различных сосудистых бассейнах, острого повреждения миокарда и миокардита. Среди гастроэнтерологических проявлений наиболее часто выявляются диарея, тошнота или рвота, а также абдоминальная боль. Эти симптомы могут предшествовать появлению респираторных признаков заболевания, а в некоторых случаях выходить на первый план в клинической картине заболевания. Помимо этого, у части больных наблюдаются лабораторные признаки поражения печени (повышение сывороточных трансаминаз). Точный патогенез описанных нарушений продолжает изучаться.

Об авторах

Игорь Вениаминович Маев

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России

Email: dna-mit8@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6114-564X

акад. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии, заслуженный врач РФ, заслуженный деятель науки РФ

Россия, Москва

Александр Вадимович Шпектор

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России

Email: dna-mit8@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6190-6808

чл.-кор. РАН, д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. кардиологии, заслуженный врач РФ

Россия, Москва

Елена Юрьевна Васильева

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России

Email: dna-mit8@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6310-7636

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. лаб. атеротромбоза, заслуженный врач РФ. 

Россия, Москва

Владимир Николаевич Манчуров

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России

Email: dna-mit8@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4322-8243

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. кардиологии

Россия, Москва

Дмитрий Николаевич Андреев

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: dna-mit8@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4007-7112

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии

Россия, Москва

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2. Рис. 1. Суммарное число лиц, инфицированных SARS-CoV-2, в мире (данные Европейского центра профилактики и контроля заболеваний, 19.05.2020) [8].

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3. Рис. 2. Ключевые звенья патогенеза поражения сердечно-сосудистой системы при COVID-19.

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